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Thoughts on future research. Jan Beutel. Meso -scale energy scavenging. Renewable energy sources (e.g. solar) Energy conversion/storage (e.g. supercap , battery) Energy usage based on user demand Software controlled system components Target very high efficiencies (system-wide)
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Thoughts on future research Jan Beutel
Meso-scale energy scavenging • Renewable energy sources (e.g. solar) • Energy conversion/storage (e.g. supercap, battery) • Energy usage based on user demand • Software controlled system components • Target very high efficiencies (system-wide) • Electricity currently has a bright energy future • Potential for energy scavenging to be integrated into every/many devices
Meso-scale energy scavenging • Solar is already widely used and successful • uW class (1 cell), e.g. wristwatches, calculators • mW class (few cells) is still underdeveloped • W & kW class (panel based, on- and off-grid), e.g. camping/boats, grid connected
Meso-scale energy scavenging • State of “few watts” energy scavenging • A few initial trials in WSN community (papers) -> POC • Accurate models are inexistent • Dimensioning and system design largely unclear • Storage options largely unexplored • Systems are always designed in two separate phases • solar controller and energy consumers
Meso-scale energy scavenging • Not just an electronic/hw problem • Storage or usage? • Load balancing? • Accurate models? • Methods & tools for analysis • System design aspects • Control of power/tasks • Limits
Multi-rate low-power wireless • Example: IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) for WSNs • Gainspan SOC, 2x ARM7, WLAN, LP-modes
Multi-rate low-power wireless • Industry focuses on ever more bandwidth • e.g. MIMO systems (IIS/ISI ETH Zurich)
Multi-rate low-power wireless • SoCs are finally here • Every (consumer) device has multiple interfaces • Our niche would be on efficiency, adaptivity • Large dynamic range from bits/minute to MBytes/sec • Trade-off of many different parameters (latency, protocol features, redundancy) • Relatively easy to prototype on multi-radio systems • Related work: Bahl (wakeup radio), industry, communication community …