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The p package is considered the "heart" of the new energy vehicle, namely, the main power source of the car and also one of the major assemblies of an electric vehicle. The package's performance plays a decisive role in that of the vehicle. Parameters that can influence the performance of the battery pack include the number of cells, energy density, and the box.<br>In the area of pure electric vehicles, though some gap is still compared with traditional fuel vehicles, and users are bothered by battery pack security.
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Structural Optimization Designof New Energy Vehicle Power Battery Packs Power package is considered as the "heart" of the new energy vehicle, namely, the main power source of the car and also one of the major assemblies of an electric vehicle. The package's performance plays a decisive role in that of the vehicle. Parameters that can influence the performance of the battery pack include the number of cells, energy density, and the box. In the area of pure electric vehicles, though some gap is still compared with traditional fuel vehicles, and users are bothered by battery pack security. The global power battery pack industry chain has grown rapidly in line with new global energy vehicle development trends. 1.Study on Optimization Design of Power Battery Pack Structure of Pure Electric Vehicles of Great Significance: • Power Battery Pack Design: with the contents of the confined space the power storage capacity should be as least damage to drivers and passengers caused by traffic accidents, weight as light as possible. • Structurally Power Battery Pack Design Requirements: structural strength and collision safety, fatigue reliability, ventilation and heat dissipation, insulation, waterproofing, electromagnetic compatibility, etc. • Direction of Research: Research and improvement on the structure design aspect for power battery packs to develop power battery packs with wider range, higher safety, and broader application range under environmental temperature. 2.Power Battery Packs: The Current Development Status and Trend Overview at Home and Abroad. The widely renowned automobile majors, across the globe, are busy inventing new energy-electric vehicles. Power batteries, being one of the prime factors determining the
competitiveness of such auto markets, a mainstream international vehicle-mounted power battery pack comes in the highest level of the competition. The top-of-the-line all-electric model backed with third-generation lithium- ion battery cells has an NEDC range of over 600 kilometre’s and was designed by the greatest US, German, Japanese, and South Korean automakers. However, mainstream manufacturers have also now begun to place top priority on batteries from Panasonic, LG, Samsung, and other Japanese and Korean firms. Tesla introduced a battery pack based on 46800 individual cells, and the pack improved in terms of growing capacity and fewer numbers of individual cells. With a decrease in the number of individual cells to 960, the overall energy density of the pack has increased significantly. • Domestic Mainstream Vehicle Power Battery Pack: Time will be entitled to go by, and domestic mainstream automakers will tend gradually to use high-end models of batteries - ternary lithium. Generally, middle and lower price lithium iron phosphate monomer cells are used, and as a whole, the models are not even up to the international advanced levels. BYD released a "blade battery" based on lithium iron phosphate. It integrates the design of the battery pack structure with the chassis, which flattens and lengthens the cell by reducing its thickness and elongating it. • Domestic and foreign automobile enterprise cell batteries : An onboard power battery package is most often packaged as one complete unit into a lithium-ion cell of proper grouping in the box body. Most research into current battery pack structure design is on temperature field simulation, dynamic analysis, and structural optimization design. As a result of these researches, numerous high-performance power battery packs are developed and reliably supported the mass production of battery packs technically. 3.Battery Pack Mechanical Structure Design The goal of the design of the power battery package is to meet the functional and performance standards set by the vehicle development. The four major stages of the battery package's mechanical structure design are parameter determination, structural initial design, optimization of simulation analysis, and physical construction experimental analysis. Essentially, the mechanical structure design involves modules of the battery cells, which fix and connect a large number of them with the help of support structures to ensure the total energy of the battery pack and its rated operating voltage by linking the battery cells in series and parallel.
The module should have high structural stability, strength, and stiffness in order to meet safety and onboard environmental excitation demands. Moreover, it must have the dimension such that it can be installed within the battery box while leaving room for electrical components. Besides, the mechanical structure features the "⊥" type and "earth" font. Due to vehicle layout, installation location, and envelope space size, designing the structure of the battery pack is restricted. The integration design approach for the standard design is combined integrated body and chassis. The vehicle structure shows that the squeeze impact of the battery pack body can, to a great extent, lessen the possibility of collision safety accidents. 4.High-Voltage Electrical Design of Battery Pack: The four main components of the electrical safety design of the battery pack are as follows: it may include the recharge circuit system, anti-collision design, high-voltage interlock safety, and overcurrent system protection. Sensor components, fuses, and communication harnesses and how they are attached will influence the internal structure of the battery pack. Therefore, the electric system architecture must be developed early in the mechanical structure design process with a great deal of forethought. Such electric vehicles pose greater safety challenges to the components, structures, and devices of electrical systems and to installation and connections, because electrical systems of electric vehicles trend towards high voltage.
5.Thermal Management Design of Battery Pack: The objective of thermal management design aims at keeping the battery temperature within the proper working range from 10°C to 40°C, especially on preventing or reflecting local overheating. In order to regulate the lithium-ion battery pack's internal temperature on schedule, a suitable thermal management system must be designed. Among these are phase change cooling, liquid cooling, and forced air cooling-the three main components of the thermal management system. • Air Cooling Method: low cost, average heat dissipation effect, hard to meet the requirements for extreme conditions. • Phase Change Cooling: expensive and does not meet current market demand. • Liquid Cooling Method: good heat dissipation effect with good heat dissipation and heating conversion. The main application method is used at present. 6.Integrated Design of Battery Pack: With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, power battery technology and integrated management technologies come out one after another. New material science technologies (cobalt-free materials, for instance), new process science technologies (blade batteries, for example), integrated technologies (CTP, so on), and management science technologies (bullet batteries, for instance) have gathered material factories and batteries. The latest R&D and application results from auto factories. The smallest part of the battery pack which the electric vehicle exploits as power is the battery cell. The current market leaders in two structural methods, MTP (Module to Pack) and CTP (Cell to Pack), have been taken over by the latest battery system technology, CTC (Cell to Chassis) that has been adopted by Tesla, BYD, and Zero Run. The power battery pack for domestic automobile manufacturers still leaves room for improvement. Factors affecting it include low energy density for the battery cell, faulty
structural design for the battery pack, and low efficiency for the battery thermal management system. From monomer to system, the integrated structure design is the main influencing factor, as is the battery pack power. Thus, appropriate high-energy ratio monomer cells can be used to study and optimize the structure of battery package design.