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Chapter 4: Modern Genetics

Explore the concept of blood types, the influence of genes and environment on traits, the impact of sex-linked genes, and various genetic disorders in this comprehensive genetics review.

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Chapter 4: Modern Genetics

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  1. Chapter 4: Modern Genetics Review

  2. An example of a trait that has multiple alleles.

  3. blood types

  4. If a person has the combination of alleles O and B what would their blood type be?

  5. B blood type

  6. Skin color and height are traits that show a large number of different phenotypes because they are controlled by _________.

  7. many genes (polygenic inheritance)

  8. The effects of genes are often changed by an organism’s ____________.

  9. environment

  10. The body cells contain _____ chromosomes.

  11. 46

  12. The sex cells contain ___ chromosomes.

  13. 23

  14. The two sex chromosomes carried by a male are _____.

  15. XY

  16. The two sex chromosomes carried by a female are ____.

  17. XX

  18. Genes carried on the X or Y chromosomes are called _________.

  19. sex-linked genes

  20. An example of a condition that is sex-linked is ______.

  21. Hemophilia or color-blindness

  22. Sex-linked traits occur more often in ______, because they carry only one X chromosome.

  23. males

  24. A chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a ________.

  25. pedigree

  26. In a pedigree chart a square is a symbol for a _____.

  27. male

  28. A half-shaded circle on a pedigree chart would indicate a _________.

  29. carrier female

  30. An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes is a __________.

  31. genetic disorder

  32. A genetic disorder in which a person’s blood clots very slowly or not at all is called ______.

  33. hemophilia

  34. People with an extra copy of chromosome 21 have a disorder called _________.

  35. Down syndrome

  36. A person who has difficulty distinguishing between the colors red and green has the sex-linked trait called ________.

  37. colorblindness

  38. A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell is called a _________.

  39. karyotype

  40. Professionals who help couples understand their chances of having a child with a particular disorder are called _________

  41. genetic counselors

  42. A procedure in which fluid from a developing baby is removed to test for genetic disorders is called ________.

  43. amniocentesis

  44. A genetic disorder in which the body produces abnormally thick mucus is called __________.

  45. cystic fibrosis

  46. In _______, breeders cross two genetically different individuals.

  47. hybridization

  48. A _____ is an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.

  49. clone

  50. Inserting working copies of a gene directly into cells of a person with a genetic disorder is referred to as _______.

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