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Kennedy/LBJ/Nixon Years: Camelot, the Great Society, and a 10 year police action

Kennedy/LBJ/Nixon Years: Camelot, the Great Society, and a 10 year police action. Wednes day May 23 , 2012 Paulson U.S. History. Spark # 7. Use your book for help (or your timelines) 1. Name the 2 main U.S. Presidents that served during the 1960’s.

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Kennedy/LBJ/Nixon Years: Camelot, the Great Society, and a 10 year police action

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  1. Kennedy/LBJ/Nixon Years: Camelot, the Great Society, and a 10 year police action Wednesday May23, 2012 Paulson U.S. History

  2. Spark #7 Use your book for help (or your timelines) • 1. Name the 2 main U.S. Presidents that served during the 1960’s. • 2. In what year did a U.S. astronaut first go into space? • 3. With what island nation will the U.S. face off in 1962? Who are they backed by?

  3. Agenda • Spark # 7 • Business Items • Review Sheet • Grades – check • Schedule reviews • Kennedy/LBJ/Nixon notes – This is overview!!!

  4. Election of 1960 • First televised debates • Nixon: “lazy shave,” sweating, tired look • Kennedy: young, rested, tan, “camera friendly” • Kennedy • 43 years old • 12 years in HOR/Senate • Distinguished service in WWII • Roman Catholic • Elected by VERY slim margin • 1st inaugural address: “Ask not…”

  5. Kennedy: “Camelot and the “New Frontier” • Early speech – “nation poised on edge of a ‘new frontier.’” • New Frontier • Improve economy • Assist poor • Speed Space program • Camelot • Youthful, energetic, idealistic image of Kennedy W.H. • Jackie O. – fashionable, intelligent, beautiful • Renovated, redecorated, - grace and style • Swimming pool and treehouse on W.H. lawn

  6. Space Program • National Aeronautics and Space Administration: NASA • Sputnik, then April 1961 – Juri Gagarin first human in space • U.S. responds with manned flight • Kennedy challenge to U.S. in 1961 • “put a man on the moon by end of decade…” • July 20, 1969 – Neil Armstrong first ,man on moon

  7. Kennedy Assassinated • November 22, 1963 - Dallas, TX • Open limousine, published parade route • Shots from nearby building • LBJ (Vice Prez.) sworn in on Air Force One • America stunned and shattered • Lee Harvey Oswald arrested then assassinated by Jack Ruby • Conspiracy theories and the Warren Commission • Millions (literally) of pages of books, reports, articles

  8. Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) • Sworn in on Air Force 1 – famous photo w/ Jackie O. • “All I have I would have gladly given to not be standing here today…The ideas and ideals which he so nobly represented must and will be translated into effective action…” • Skillful politician, intimidating negotiator • “the Johnson treament”

  9. Coach Stoughton’s G-PA’s pic

  10. LBJ and “The Great Society” • Action to help heal nation’s hurts after JFK • Huge program of reforms on domestic issues • Many based on Kennedy’s plans • Poverty relief, education aid, healthcare, voting rights, conservation, urban renewal, econ development in poor areas • “…For in your time we have the opportunity to move not only toward the rich society and the powerful society, but toward the Great Society…” • Landslide victory over B. Goldwater in ‘64 = 2nd term • Daisy campaign commercial

  11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDTBnsqxZ3k

  12. LBJ and “The Great Society” • War on Poverty • Head Start • Volunteers in Service to America • Medicare and Medicaid • Immigration Reform • Effects? • First very popular then promises couldn’t be kept • Race riots • Vietnam and increasing military spending

  13. The Warren Court Many landmark S.C. decision during K/J years • Roth v. U.S. – obscene materials • Engel v. Vitale – no prayer in schools • Griswold v. Connecticut – ok’s birth control • Mappv. Ohio – no illegally obtained evidence • Gideon v. Wainright – free legal counsel • Miranda v. Arizona – Miranda rights • Baker v. Carr – One man, one vote

  14. Foreign Policy during early 60’s • Bay of Pigs – Apr. 17, 1961 • 1959 Castro and Communists take power in Cuba • Backed by Soviets, U.S. plans CIA take-over • Massive failure: U.S. appears devious, dishonest, AND incompetent • Aug. 1961 Berlin Wall – Soviets build it, U.S. posturing and mobilization • Cuban Missile Crisis – 1962 • Spy plane photos reveal Soviet missiles on Cuba • Standoff ensues 13 days of tension • 4 options: 1)Negotiate 2) Invade 3)Blockade 4)Bomb • Kennedy asks advisors then debates alone… • TV speech: “…The cost of freedom is always high – and Americans have always paid it. And one path we shall never choose, and that is the path of surrender or submission…”

  15. Foreign Policy during early 60’s • Limited Test Ban Treaty • Alliance for Progress • Peace Corps • Dominican Republic – U.S. helps stop revolution • Vietnam – LBJ huge believer in Domino Theory • First slow, then massive buildup of “advisors” then troops

  16. 1960’s an Era of Activism • Women’s Movement • Feminism dates to 1895 • Education and Employment • Women paid 59 cents /dollar • Impact of Civil Rights Movement • Provided “how-to” achieve change • 1964 Civil Rights Act – some segregationist Congressmen added “sex” to list of qualifiers – thinking it would be ridiculous and no one would vote for it • Betty Friedan (Feminine Mystique) and N.O.W. • Roe v. Wade 1973 – personal right to privacy and woman’s right to choose • Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) – never ratified

  17. 1960’s an Era of Activism • Ethnic Minorities Seek Equality • Latinos: • United Farm Workers (UFW) and Cesar Chavez • Migrant farm workers – some of most exploited • Asian Americans • Japanese after WWII – Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) • Wage discrimination and representation in Congress • Native Americans • Land Claims • American Indian Movement (AIM) – autonomy and natural resoures • Protests at Mount Rushmore, Alcatraz Island and Wounded Knee

  18. 1960’s: Environmental and Consumer Protection Movements • Environmental Movement • Rachel Carson and Silent Spring – 1962 • Demand honesty and accountability from Gov. • Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) – others pg. 784 chart • Consumer Movement • Ralph Nader – automobile safety – seat belts!! Speed limits!!

  19. Counterculture • Younger generation’s response to conformity of the 50’s. Rejection of values, appearance, attitudes – EVERYTHING!!!! • Man in grey flannel suit vs. Woodstock hippies • Counterculture values: youth, spontaneity, individuality (all “Beat Generation” inspired) • Baby boom = huge student population – music, fashion all catered to #s • Sexual Revolution – rejection of traditional expectations and attitudes (family/procreation) • The Drug Scene – psychedelic and hallucinagenic • Marijuana widespread, LSD to “free the mind” • Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Jimihendrix – all overdose and die

  20. Music • A reflection and a catalyst of culture • “Folk” music – protest songs: (oppression of all types) songs of laborers, sailors, railroadmen, slavery songs • 1964 – “British Invasion” – Beatles first U.S. tour • Rolling Stones, Janis Joplin as well • Woodstock: Bethel, NY Aug. 1969 – 400,000 people • No drug enforcement, relatively peaceful 4 days • Altamont: the other side of Woodstock • Dec. 1969 California 300,000 • Rolling Stones: not enough security, Stones hire Hell’s Angels • 1 guy beaten to death, era of “peace and love” shattered • Despite celebration of “simple lifestyle” most hippies were comfortable, middle class kids

  21. Look at Timeline The Vietnam War • Vietnamese History – nearly 2,000 years of invaders, Imperial wars – Nationalism!!! • Vietnam divided post WWII @ Geneva Convention • Domino Theory • Escalation • 7 Presidents • 10 Year “Police Action” • Divided nation as much or more than Civil War • First “living-room” war

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