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Last 100 Days of World War 1

Last 100 Days of World War 1. By: Leah , Sara , Tristen , & Sarah. We are here. 1914. 1915. 1916. 1917. 1918. August -- November.

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Last 100 Days of World War 1

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  1. Last 100 Days of World War 1 By: Leah, Sara, Tristen, & Sarah

  2. We are here 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 August -- November

  3. This map shows where the battle had taken place during the last 100 days of war. The focus on this map is Cambrai. Cambrai is the start where the Canadian Corps had started on the last 100 days of war.

  4. This map demonstrates how much land the Canadian Corps had gained up until November 11th , 1918. At the end of war the Canadian Corps had gone as far as Mons.

  5. August 4 1918- November 11 1918 • The Battle of Mons (November) and the battle overthe Hindenburg Line (September-October ) were the most important battles because during this time the Canadian Corps took victory over the German Empire, resulting in the German Empire collapsing by the end of World War 1.

  6. Hindenburg Line

  7. Significance The Hindenburg Line consisted of many battles, but the ones that the Canadian Corps had taken part in are Battle of Cambrai, and the Battle of Canal du Nord. The Hindenburg line was being protected by the Germans, the Canadian troops invaded, and kept pushing back the Germans front lines Mons had powerful symbolic significance for the British Expeditionary Force. Mons is where the final 24 hours of the war had taken place for the BEF.

  8. Canadian troops shelter in a ditch along the Arras-Cambrai road.

  9. The Zig-Zag Plan The " zig- zag" plan was designed to be able to break through the Drocourt-Queant line, it went through the German positions. As the attack progressed and the German reinforcements came into play. Canadians would alter their direction to keep the Germans off balance and unsure of the Canadian objectives. By September 2, 1918 the positions had been taken and Germany's Drocourt-Queant line destroyed. Their position, now lost, caused the Germans to retreat behind the Canal du Nord and shorten their entire line along the front to compensate for the losses of men and the strategic effect of the loss of this hinge position

  10. Successful Plan Without using preliminary artillery but using tanks (effective early but out of commission later) the Canadians moved forward at 4:20 am on August 8, 1918. By 1:15 pm the Canadians had more than achieved their objectives. The German lines had been breached and the Canadians had pressed 13 kilometers into German held territory. The "Flanders deception" had worked flawlessly. A German POW had expressed amazement that the Canadians had been his foe, as he was told by the high command that all the Canadians had been moved to Belgium. During the next 2 days, the Germans had been pushed back an additional 24 kilometers.

  11. What Technologies were used? • During the last 100 days of war railways had been used more and had a greater impact of transportation • In 1918 one improvement that became crucial was a system called “sound-ranging”, this improvement was used a lot more then in the early days of the war • The British came up with most of the artillery developments by the end of 1918, consisting of mostly guns, artillery and a couple of tank barrels • the British government produced more weapons, in an effort to end the war more quickly • Also the Germans had developed a gun called “Amiens gun”, it had been used by the Germans to fire on the city of Amiens, about 25 kilometres away, from a railway carriage. In 1918 the British had successfully bombed the train carrying the Amiens gun, which is what every country had tried to do. • Tanks were also very successful during the battle of the Amiens.

  12. Amiens Gun German ammunition train wrecked by shell fire

  13. Canal du Nord

  14. Canal du Nord • This was a flooded canal, 30 meters in width with a dry section moving towards the south.  • Its level bottom and raised sides could prove to be disastrous for any army trying to take the position. • the Canadian plan called for a  movement across the dry section and then for the splitting of their forces; attacking behind the German positions • This made the Germans think a major attack was coming there before the Canadians secretly hurried back to the Amiens sector for the real attack

  15. Canal du Nord Cont… • On September 27 the engineers bridged the canal under fire and the Canadian forces were able to advance. By October 1, the Germans had thrown 6 divisions into the fight. They realized that the loss of this position would place the German forces onto open ground and little was left to stop the Canadian and Allied forces. On October 9 the Canadians attacked Cambrai and by October 11 had secured the entire district with their 37 kilometer advance into enemy territory. This action had resulted in the liberation of 54 towns and villages.

  16. How Canada Was Perceived • The final hundred days of the war consisted of rapid allied attacks and advances • In early august 1918 Canadian corps move 112 kilometres in secrecy to positions south and west of Amiens for a major attack alongside the British, French and Australians • The day of August 8th, when the attack on the Germans had taken place, three Canadians had won a victory cross • On October 11, 1918, the Canadian forces drove the Germans out of their main distribution centre in the battle of Cambrai. • By October 11 Canada had secured the entire district with their 37 kilometre advance into enemy territory.

  17. The Last Soldier’s Private Henry Gunther Private George Lawrence Price

  18. The last soldier’s to be killed in WW1 was Private Henry Gunther and Private George Lawrence Price. Henry Gunther died in action one minute before the armistice took effect at 10:59am on November 11. But George Price died two minutes before the armistice took effect at 10:58, he died by being shot by a sniper, on November 11th. Both soldiers are traditionally recognized as being the last soldier’s killed during World War I. • Private Gunther served for the Americans during WW1. • Private George Lawrence Price served for the Canadian Corps. He is regarded as the last casualty of all Allied armies of the First World War.

  19. The End of the First World War • The final result of WW1 was a victory of the main allied armies in France • At the end of WW1 the German empire had collapsed • About two-thirds of military deaths in World War I were in battle • The other third was a from causes like “trench foot” • WW1 was therefore known as the most deadliest human conflict to occur • French Field Marshal Foch and the members of the German Armistice Commission signed a formal surrender to end World War I, to take effect at 11:00 am.

  20. The Letter Sept. 12 [1918] “We walked quietly on until we were out of sight of the camp & then when the way was clear beat it hell bent for election to a wooded hill, we went up hill & down dale through the thick woods for about ten miles when we came to open country & there were a lot of farmers working in the fields.” Cherroh Todd

  21. Works Cited Grescoe, Audrey, Grescoe, Paul, Paul and Audrey Grescoe. The Book of War Letters. Toronto: The Canadian Publishers, 2003. Book Adams, Simon. World War 1. New York: Dorling Kindersley Publishers, 2001. Book "Canada & the Battle of the Last 100 Days" Last 100 Days. Interlog, March 2010 . website. Sept 28th, 2011. <http://pages.interlog.com/~fatjack/last100days.htm> “World War 1 Casualties” WW1 Casualties. Wikipedia, October 5. website. Sept 28th, 2011 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I_casualties> “100 Days Offensive” Hundred Days Offensive. Wikipedia, Sept 22. website. Sept 29th, 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days_Offensive>

  22. Works Cited Cont.... Canada. Ministry of Education. Canadian Military History Gateway . March 29th, 2011. website. September 26th, 2011. <http://www.cmhg.gc.ca/html/index-eng.asp>. Persico, Joseph. 11th month, 11th day, 11th hour. New York: Random House Publishers, 2004. Book

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