'Tetrahedral intermediate' presentation slideshows

20.13 Hydrolysis of Amides

20.13 Hydrolysis of Amides. O. O. RC N HR'. RCOH. Hydrolysis of Amides. Hydrolysis of amides is irreversible. In acid solution the amine product is protonated to give an ammonium salt. +. +. +. R' N H 3. +. +. H 2 O. H. O. O. RC N HR'. RCO. Hydrolysis of Amides.

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Factors that affect Protein Activity and Protein Mechanism

Factors that affect Protein Activity and Protein Mechanism. Chapter 6 (Page 212-218, 225-231). 1. Factors that affect Enzyme Activity. Inhibitors Proteolytic activation Protein modifications Subunit cooperativity and modulators pH. 1I. Proteolytic Activation.

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Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution. 20.1 Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. O. RC. X. Acyl Halides. name the acyl group and add the word chloride , fluoride , bromide , or iodide as appropriate

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20.12 Amides

20.12 Amides. Physical Properties of Amides. Amides are less reactive toward nucleophilic acyl substitution than other acid derivatives. Physical Properties of Amides. Amides are capable of hydrogen bonding. Physical Properties of Amides. Amides are less acidic than carboxylic acids.

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20.3 General Mechanism for Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

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20.3 General Mechanism for Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

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ENZYME KINETICS

BIOCHEMISTRY

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20.10 Ester Hydrolysis in Base: Saponification

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19.13 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: A Review and a Preview

19.13 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids: A Review and a Preview. Reactions of Carboxylic Acids. Reactions already discussed. Acidity (Sections 19.4-19.9) Reduction with LiAlH 4 (Section 15.3) Esterification (Section 15.8) Reaction with Thionyl Chloride (Section 12.7).

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Addition of Metal-H bonds to Carbonyl Groups

Addition of Metal-H bonds to Carbonyl Groups. Group 13 Hydride-Donor Reagents. Chemoselectivity. reactivity towards nucleophiles. = reacivity towards metal-hydride. LiAlH(O- t -Bu) 3. LiAlH(OMe) 3. LiAlH(O- t -Bu) 3. LiBH(CH 2 CH 3 ) 3 Rt , 2 min. (LiAlH 4 ).

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LYSOZOME MECHANISM

BIOCHEMISTRY

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