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Ch. 15 &16: Plant Physiology

Ch. 15 &16: Plant Physiology. Major parts of a flower. Plant Cell. How plants produce food. Photosynthesis – a series of processes in which light energy is converted to a simple sugar. Chlorophyll – green material inside the leaves and stems of the plant that gives the plant its green color.

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Ch. 15 &16: Plant Physiology

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  1. Ch. 15 &16: Plant Physiology

  2. Major parts of a flower

  3. Plant Cell

  4. How plants produce food • Photosynthesis – a series of processes in which light energy is converted to a simple sugar.

  5. Chlorophyll – green material inside the leaves and stems of the plant that gives the plant its green color. • Chloroplasts – small, membrane-bound bodies inside cells that contain the green chlorophyll pigments. • These are the sites of the actual conversion of solar energy into stored energy.

  6. Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 6H2O >> C6H12O6 + 6O2

  7. Respiration • Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide C6H12O6 + 6O2 >> 6CO2 + 6H2O +HEAT

  8. Transpiration • Process by which the plant gives up water vapor to the atmosphere. • Most plants transpire about 90% of the water they take in.

  9. What causes plants to wilt? • Lack of turgor pressure, caused from not having enough water. • Turgor pressure – swollen or stiffened condition as a result of plant cells being full of water.

  10. Purpose of soil • Soil provides a natural environment for roots. It supplies air, water, and nutrients for the plant.

  11. Plant nutrition • There are sixteen essential elements for normal plant growth. • Macronutrients – elements used in relatively large amounts. • Micronutrients – elements used in small, or trace amounts.

  12. Macronutrients • C – carbon • H – hydrogen • O - oxygen Obtained from the atmosphere N – nitrogen Ca - calcium P – phosphorus Mg - magnesium K – potassium S – sulfur

  13. Micronutrients • B – boron • Cu – copper • Cl – chlorine • Fe – iron • Mn – manganese • Mo – molybdenum • Zn - zinc

  14. Soil pH Optimum range for most plants • pH – acidity level. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Neutral Acidic Alkaline (base)

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