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Asia-Pacific HIV and AIDS Data Hub: Review of Most-at-risk Populations, Coverage, and National Response

This review presents data on HIV prevalence, epidemiological status, risk behaviors, resource needs, national response, and coverage of prevention, testing, care, and treatment programs for most-at-risk populations in the Asia-Pacific region.

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Asia-Pacific HIV and AIDS Data Hub: Review of Most-at-risk Populations, Coverage, and National Response

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  1. HIV and AIDS Data Hub for Asia-Pacific Review in slides Most-at-risk populations

  2. Content • HIV prevalence and epidemiological status (1990-2009) • Sex worker • IDU • MSM • Vulnerability and HIV knowledge (2004-2008) • Risk behaviors (2005-2009) • Resource needs and AIDS spending (2006-2008) • National Response (2005-2008) • Coverage and prevention • HIV testing • Care and Treatment • Monitoring and evaluation • Archives

  3. National response

  4. Coverage and prevention

  5. HIV prevention coverage among female sex workers, 2005-2009 *Calculated median value 2009 data is provisional Source: UNGASS country progress report_2006, 2008 & 2010

  6. HIV prevention coverage among IDUs, 2005-2009 *Calculated median value 2009 data is provisional Source: UNGASS country progress report_2006, 2008 & 2010

  7. HIV prevention coverage among MSM, 2005-2009 *Calculated median value 2009 data is provisional Source: UNGASS country progress report_2006, 2008 & 2010

  8. Percentage of MARPs reached with HIV prevention programs in the last 12 months, 2006-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  9. 81 Vietnam 69 11 Pakistan Sex workers 28 22 IDUs 35 Nepal 9 MSM 5 37 Indonesia 15 1 52 India 48 45 60 Cambodia 97 17 72 Bangladesh 82 77 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 (%) % of most-at-risk populations reached with prevention programs, 2005* * Data collection between 2003-2005 Source: UNAIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2006

  10. Percentage of MARPs reached with HIV prevention programme - FSW Source: UNGASS country progress reports, 2005 & 2008

  11. Percentage of MARPs reached with HIV prevention programme-IDU Source: UNGASS country progress reports, 2005 & 2008

  12. Percentage of MARPs reached with HIV prevention programme-MSM Source: UNGASS country progress reports, 2005 & 2008

  13. Percentage of MARPs who received HIV test in the last 12 months and knew the results, 2006-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  14. % of female sex workers who received HIV testing in the past 12 months and who know the results, 2007* * Or the most recent data Source: UNAIDS_Report on the global AIDS epidemic, July 2008 and UNAIDS_ UNGASS Country Reports 2008

  15. % of injecting drug users who received HIV testing in the past 12 months and who know the results, 2007* * Or the most recent data Source: UNAIDS_Report on the global AIDS epidemic, July 2008 and UNAIDS_ UNGASS Country Reports 2008

  16. % of men who have sex with men who received HIV testing in the past 12 months and who know their results, 2007* * Or the most recent data Source: UNAIDS_Report on the global AIDS epidemic, July 2008 and UNAIDS_ UNGASS Country Reports 2008

  17. HIV testing

  18. Total population ≥ 15 years per testing and counseling facility, 2007-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  19. Number of HIV tests per 1000 people ≥ 15 years, 2007-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  20. Annual estimated new infections (in millions) in the region with current or scaled-up HIV prevention, 2005-2010 Note: By effective prevention interventions, the region can cut one-third new infections by the year 2010 Source: UNAIDS, A scaled-up response to AIDS in Asia and the Pacific, June 2005

  21. Care and treatment

  22. ART coverage among adults and children, 2006-2009 *Only for adults 2009 data is provisional Source: UNGASS country progress report_2006, 2008 & 2010

  23. Estimated number of AIDS related deaths with and without antiretroviral therapy in Asia, 1996-2008 Number Source: UNAIDS_AIDS Epidemic Update, December 2009

  24. Percent distribution of PLHIV who are in need of ART in the Asia Pacific Region (21 countries), 2008 Source: Universal access health sector response, 2008

  25. Percent distribution of PLHIV who are in need of ART in the Asia Pacific Region (21 countries), 2008 Source: Universal access health sector response, 2008

  26. Percentage distribution of HIV positive males and females receiving ART, 2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  27. ART coverage for adult and children PLHIV by countries, 2008 Source: Universal access health sector response, 2008

  28. Adults and children with advanced HIV infection received ART (2006-2007) Source: UNAIDS_UNGASS Country Reports, 2008 UNAIDS_Report on the Global AIDS epidemic, 2008

  29. Adults and children with advanced HIV infection received ART (2006-2007) Source: UNAIDS_UNGASS Country Reports, 2008 UNAIDS_Report on the Global AIDS epidemic, 2008

  30. Monitoring and Evaluation

  31. Civil society involvement in the HIV response in Asia Pacific

  32. Assessment of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems Source: UNGASS Country progress reports 2008

  33. Assessment of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems Source: UNGASS Country progress reports, 2008

  34. Assessment of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems: Proportion of countries reporting selected key components (N=18) Source: UNGASS Country progress reports, 2008

  35. Number of countries with selective data available on MARPs, 2006-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  36. Percentage of countries with HIV prevalence surveys among MARPs, in the last 2 years (2009)

  37. Percentage of countries with behavior surveys among MARPs, in the last 2 years (2009)

  38. Percentage of high HIV burden countries with HIV prevalence surveys, in the last 2 years (2009)

  39. Percentage of countries with data on HIV testing among general population (15-49) in 2006-2008 Source: Towards Universal Access_ Scaling Up Priority HIV Interventions in the Health Sector_ Progress Report, 2009

  40. Slide-A (References for IDUs estimation / HIV prevalence) 1. As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 2. As of 2004. (Source: National AIDS/STD Program, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 2005. - HIV prevalence as of 2005. (Source: Bangladesh National AIDS Committee. UNGASS Indicator Report (CRIS), January 2003-December 2005. 2006) 3 As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 4. Source: _Consensus estimates of the number of problem drug users in Cambodia, 2004. 5. Source: National Center for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006. 6. As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 7. Source: Working Group on HIV Prevention among Injecting Drug Users in Hong Kong, Community Forum on AIDS, Hong Kong Advisory Council on AIDS. Report of community assessment and evaluation on HIV prevention among injecting drug users in Hong Kong 2005. September 2006. 8. As of 2004. (Source: NACO-Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. UNGASS India Report, 2005) 9. As of 2006. (Source: - Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS. Laporan Nasional: Kegiatan Estimasi Populasi Dewasa Rawan Terinfeksi HIV Tahun 2006. 2006 - Pandu Riono-Family Health International. Pemodelan Matematik Tren Epidemi HIV-AIDS Indonesia Sampai 2020. 2006) 10. As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 11. As of 2002. (Source: Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology in 2004-Malaysia. March 15, 2004) 12. As of 2005. (Source: Wijangarrden J. W. D. The HIV/AIDS situation in the Republic of Maldives in 2006. UNICEF, National HIV/AIDS Council (NAC), Ministry of Health of the Maldives and the UN Theme Group on HIV/AIDS. August 3, 2006) 13. As of 2004. Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303. Contd.…..

  41. Slide-A (References for IDUs estimation / HIV prevalence) 14. Size estimation as of 2004. (Source: - Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303 ­- HIV prevalence as of 2005. Source: Ministry of Health, Union of Myanmar, 2006) 15. Source: National Center for AIDS and STD Control – Family Health International, 2005. 16. Size estimation as of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) - HIV prevalence as of 2005 (0.5% at Sargodha and 26% at Karachi) (Source: + Zindagi N., et al. Baseline study on HIV and STIs risk among IDUs in Lahore, Sargodha, Faisalabad and Sialkot, June-July 2005. + Pilot study conducted by the HIV/AIDS surveillance project, March 2005) 17. Source: Department of Health, Philippines – WHO. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS epidemiology 2005. 18. As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid. 21. Size estimation as of 2005. (Source: Brown T and Thailand A2 Team. Preliminary results of HIV/AIDS projection 2005-2025. Presentation at the Integrated Analysis and Advocacy-HIV/AIDS Projection Meeting, Ministry of Public Health. December 9, 2006. - HIV prevalence as of 2005. Thai Ministry of Public Health. Results from Sentinel surveillance 1989-2005) 22. As of 2004. (Source: Aceijas C., Stimson G. V., Hickman M. and Rhodes T., on behalf of the United Nations Reference Group on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care among IDU in Developing and Transitional Countries. Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users. JAIDS 2004;18:2295–2303) 23. Size estimation as of 2004. (Source: Family Health International. Population size estimates. FHI Country Office, Viet Nam. 2004) HIV prevalence as of 2006. (Source: Viet Nam Administration for AIDS Control (VAAC), Ministry of Health of Viet Nam. 2007)

  42. Slide-B (References for FSWs estimation / HIV prevalence) 1. Source: National AIDS/STD Program, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 2005. 2. Source: _Consensus estimates of the number of problem drug users in Cambodia, 2004. 3. HIV prevalence as of 2003. (Source: National Center for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006) 4. Source: Working Group on HIV Prevention for Commercial Sex Workers and their Clients, Community Forum on AIDS, Hong Kong Advisory Council on AIDS. Report of community assessment and evaluation of HIV prevention for commercial sex workers and their clients in Hong Kong 2005. September 2006) 5. As of 2004. (Source: NACO-Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. UNGASS India Report, 2005) 6. Source: - Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS. Laporan Nasional: Kegiatan Estimasi Populasi Dewasa Rawan Terinfeksi HIV Tahun 2006. 2006. - Pandu Riono-Family Health International. Pemodelan Matematik Tren Epidemi HIV-AIDS Indonesia Sampai 2020. 2006. 7. No data on size estimation. HIV prevalence as of 2001. (Source: FHI. HIV Surveillance Survey and Sexually Transmitted Infection Periodic Prevalence Survey, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2001) 8. As of 2004. (Source: Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology in 2004-Malaysia. March 15, 2004) 9. Source: Youth on AIDS. Mongolia at a glance. Accessed on July 19, 2007 at: http://www.youandaids.org/Asia%20Pacific%20at%20a%20Glance/Mongolia/index.asp. 10. Source: Ministry of Health, Union of Myanmar. UNGASS Country Report of Myanmar, January – December 2004. 2005. 11. As of 2005. (Source: National Center for AIDS and STD Control – Family Health International, 2005) 12. As of 2006. (Source: - National AIDS Control Program. Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance: Summary Report – Sind, Round 1, 2005-2006. May 2006. - National AIDS Control Program. Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance: Summary Report – Balochistan, Round 1, 2005-2006. May 2006) 13. As of 2005. (Source: Department of Health, Philippines – WHO. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS epidemiology 2005) 14. As of 2005. (Source: Toole M. The HIV situation in Papua New Guinea: What we can deduce from surveillance and special studies. Center for International Health. Presentation at ASHM Conference, Melbourne, October 2006) 15. Old data from 1999. (Source: Wong M. L., Chan R. K. W., Chua W. L., and Sharon W. Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Condom Use Among Female Freelance and Brothel-Based Sex Workers in Singapore. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, November 1999; 26(10):593-600) Contd.…..

  43. Slide-B (References for FSWs estimation / HIV prevalence) 16. Source: UNAIDS. Country Report-Sri Lanka on Follow up the Declaration on Commitment on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS), December 2005. 17. Size estimation: Data in 1999 from estimated size in A2 project. Assumption from the AEM modeling in 2006. (Source: - Brown T and Thailand A2 Team. Preliminary results of HIV/AIDS projection 2005-2025. Presentation at the Integrated Analysis and Advocacy-HIV/AIDS Projection Meeting, Ministry of Public Health. December 9, 2006) - HIV prevalence: Sentinel surveillance data. HIV prevalence among Indirect sex worker is of 3.34% and among direct sex workers is of 9.00% by end of 2005. (Source: Thai Ministry of Public Health. Results from Sentinel surveillance 1989-2005) 18. As of 2004. (Source: Pisani E., and Dili survey team. HIV, STIs and risk behaviour in East Timor: an historic opportunity for effective action. Family Health International, 2004) 19. Size estimation as of 2004. (Source: Family Health International. Population size estimates. FHI Country Office, Viet Nam. 2004) HIV prevalence as of 2006. Mid HIV prevalence is the national prevalence (4.2%) where as the lowest prevalence 8.4% in Hai Phong and the highest prevalence 33.9% in Can Tho. (Source: Ministry of Health, Viet Nam. National Sentinel Surveillance Report. 2007)

  44. Slide-C (References for MSM estimation / HIV prevalence) 1. As of 2005. This includes male sex workers and Hijra. (Source: National AIDS/STD Program, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 2005) 2. Data from Phnom Penh only, as of 2000. (Source: Family Health International. Sexual behaviour, STIs and HIV among men who have sex with men in Phnom Penh 2000. October 2002) 3. Source: - National Center for AIDS/STDs Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006 - Xu H., Zhang B., Zeng Y. and Li X. HIV Epidemic Status and Behavioural Surveillance among MSM in China. Presentation at XVI International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada, August 12-18, 2006. 4. As of 2005. (Source: Working Group on Men who have sex with Men in Hong Kong, Community forum on AIDS, Hong Kong Advisory Council on AIDS. Report of community assessment and evaluation of HIV prevention effort on men who have sex with men in Hong Kong 2005. September 2006) 5. Size estimation as of 2005. (Source: - NACO-Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. UNGASS India Report, 2005. - HIV prevalence in Mumbai, India. Low value is among MSM and high value is among transgender. - Setia M. S., Lindan C., Jarajani H. R., Kumta S., Asktrand M., Mathur M., et al. Men who have sex with men and transgender in Mumbai, India: An emerging risk group for STIs and HIV. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2006;72:425-431) 6. Size estimation as of 2006 among whom 28,000 were transgender (Source: - Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS. Laporan Nasional: Kegiatan Estimasi Populasi Dewasa Rawan Terinfeksi HIV Tahun 2006. 2006 - Pandu Riono-Family Health International. Pemodelan Matematik Tren Epidemi HIV-AIDS Indonesia Sampai 2020. 2006) HIV prevalence as of 2005 of which HIV prevalence among MSM was 1.2% and among transgender was 22%. The HIV prevalence among MSW was 6%. (Source: Ministry of Health, Indonesia. Results from the Behavioural Surveillance Survey (BSS) in Indonesia 2004-2005. 2005) 7. Source: Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology in 2004-Malaysia. March 15, 2004. 8. Source: National Center for AIDS and STD Control – Family Health International, 2005. 9. Source: National AIDS Control Program, Ministry of Health, Government of Pakistan, FHI, DFID. National study of reproductive tract and sexually transmitted infections: Survey of high risk groups in Lahore and Karachi, 2005. 2006. 10. Source: Department of Health, Philippines – WHO. Consensus report on HIV and AIDS epidemiology 2005. 11. Size estimation includes 10,000 MSWs. - HIV prevalence: 6.67% among MSWs and 7.33% among MSM. (Source: Estimated size in A2 project. Assumption from the AEM modeling in 2006) 12. As of 2004. (Source: Family Health International. Population size estimates. FHI Country Office, Viet Nam. 2004)

  45. Archives

  46. 5.4% IDUs reached by harm reduction programs % of most-at-risk populations covered by targeted prevention programs in South-east Asia, 2003 Source: WHO (2004), Coverage of selected service for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and Support in Low and Middle Income Countries in 2003

  47. % of men who have sex with men reporting the use of a condom the last time they had sex in India (2002) , Indonesia (2002-2003) and Vietnam (2006) Source: - India National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) – Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. National Baseline High Risk and Bridge Population Behavioural Surveillance Survey, 2002. - Indonesia Ministry of Health and Central Bureau of Statistics. Behavioural Surveillance in 13 provinces, 2002-2003. 2004. - Ministry of Health, Vietnam. Results from the HIV/STI Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) in Vietnam, 2006

  48. THANK YOU slides compiled by www.aidsdatahub.org Data shown in this slide set are comprehensive to the extent they are available from country reports. Please inform us if you know of sources where more recent data can be used. Please acknowledge www.aidsdatahub.org if slides are lifted directly from this site

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