1 / 21

2012 Sepsis Guidelines Overview

Wes Theurer, DO. 2012 Sepsis Guidelines Overview. Objectives. Recognize s epsis early Understand therapeutic principles Cultures before antibiotics Crystalloid f luid resuscitation Antimicrobials Vasopressor agents Role of imaging and other cultures. Recognition. Sepsis:

satya
Download Presentation

2012 Sepsis Guidelines Overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Wes Theurer, DO 2012 Sepsis GuidelinesOverview

  2. Objectives • Recognize sepsis early • Understand therapeutic principles • Cultures before antibiotics • Crystalloid fluid resuscitation • Antimicrobials • Vasopressor agents • Role of imaging and other cultures

  3. Recognition • Sepsis: • suspected infection + systemic manifestations • See Table 1

  4. Severe Sepsis Defintion • Severe Sepsis: acute organ dysfunction secondary to documented or suspected infection • Septic Shock: severe sepsis not reversed with fluid resuscitation

  5. More definitions • Sepsis-induced hypotension • systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mm Hg or mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 70 mm Hg or a SBP decrease > 40mm Hg or less than two standard deviations below normal for age in the absence of other causes of hypotension. • Sepsis-induced tissue hypoperfusion • infection-induced hypotension that persists after fluid challenge, elevated lactate, or oliguria.

  6. Cultures • How many? • Two (1 or 2 percutaneous, one from every pre-existing line) • Do it before IV Antimicrobials • Draw a lactate while you’re at it

  7. Crystalloid • Crystalloid (1B) – 30mL/kg (or more) (1C) • Albumin for those who continue to require lots of crystalloid (2C) • DON’T use hetastarch (1C) • If not responsive to fluids  vasopressors

  8. Kill the Bugs • Antimicrobials within one hour! • Which ones? • Many options – probably need combination

  9. Most common organisms • Gram positive bacteria • Gram negative bacteria • Mixed bacterial organisms Viral and fungal are not as common but should be considered.

  10. Antibiotics • Combination empirical therapy for neutropenic patients with severe sepsis (grade 2B) and for patients with difficult-to-treat, multidrug- resistant bacterial pathogens such as Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp. (grade 2B). • For patients with severe infections associated with respiratory failure and septic shock, combination therapy with an extended spectrum beta-lactam and either an aminoglycoside or a fluoroquinolone is for P. aeruginosa bacteremia (grade 2B). • A combination of beta-lactam and macrolide for patients with septic shock from bacteremic Streptococcus pneumoniae infections (grade 2B).?

  11. Abx stuff continued • Empiric combination therapy should not be administered for more than 3–5 days. De-escalation to the most appropriate single therapy should be performed as soon as the susceptibility profile is known (grade 2B). • Duration of therapy typically 7–10 days; longer courses may be appropriate in patients who have a slow clinical response, un-drainable foci of infection, bacteremia with S. aureus; some fungal and viral infections or immunologic deficiencies, including neutropenia (grade 2C). • Antiviral therapy initiated as early as possible in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock of viral origin (grade 2C). • Antimicrobial agents should not be used in patients with severe inflammatory states determined to be of noninfectious cause (UG).

  12. Vasopressor Agents • Norepinephrine – 1st choice vasopressor (to MAP >65 mm HG) (1B) • Epinephrine – 2nd line/additional agent (2B) • Vasopressin (0.03 U/min) can be added (UB)

  13. Vasopressor agents continued • Dopamine is not recommended (highly select circumstances) (2C) • Dobutamine if myocardial dysfunction (low filling pressures/ cardiac output) (1C) • IV Hydrocortisone – don’t use if fluids and vasopressor therapy work (2C)

  14. Imaging & other cultures • Prompt imaging studies (to confirm source) • Cultures of other sites if doing so does not cause significant delay in antibiotic administration (grade 1C).

  15. Sim Day Suggestion • Rapid Recognition • Treatment • ABC’s • IV, O2, Monitor • Crystalloid resuscitation • Blood Cultures, Lactate • Broad spectrum antimicrobials • Imaging and other cultures judiciously • Vasopressors if not responsive to crystalloid • Early consultation

  16. Summary • Recognize sepsis early • Understand therapeutic principles • Cultures before antibiotics • Crystalloid fluid resuscitation (30mL/kg) • Broad spectrum antimicrobials within 1 hour • Vasopressor agents when crystalloid not enough • Image to confirm infection source • Other cultures if no delay for antibiotics

  17. Key Recommendations • Early quantitative resuscitation within 6 hrs of recognition • Blood cultures before antibiotics (1C) • Prompt imaging studies (to confirm source) • Broad spectrum antibiotics within 1 hour of recognition(1B) • Goal: severe sepsis without septic shock • Crystalloid (initial fluid) (1B) – 30mL/kg (or more) (1C) • Albumin for those who continue to require lots of crystalloid (2C) • DON’T use hetastarch (1C) • Norepinephrine – 1st choice vasopressor (to MAP >65 mm HG) (1B) • Epinephrine – 2nd line/additional agent (2B) • Vasopressin (0.03 U/min) can be added last (UB) • Dopamine is not recommended (highly select circumstances) (2C) • Dobutamine if myocardial dysfunction (low filling pressures/ cardiac output) (1C) • IV Hyxrocortisone – don’t use if fluids and vasopressor therapy work (2C) • Hemoglobin goal: 7-9 g/dL (unless other complication (1B)

  18. Reference • Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2012 • Critical Care Medicine • February 2013. Vol. 41. No.2

More Related