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Essential Components of Vehicle Operations

Discover how the engine, cooling system, lubrication system, drive-train, electrical system, fuel system, exhaust system, braking system, ignition system, steering system, and suspension system work together to keep your vehicle running smoothly. Explore the key components and their functions in this detailed overview.

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Essential Components of Vehicle Operations

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  1. Overview of Vehicle

  2. Engine Converts Energy stored in the fuel into mechanical energy. • Internal Combustion Engine • Piston • Camshaft • Crankshaft • Timing Belt, chain, gears • Short-Block • Valves

  3. Cooling System Takes the engine to an optimum running temperature as soon as possible and maintains it there. • Radiator • Hoses • Water pump • Water Jackets • Coolant • Thermostat • 215°F - 235°F

  4. Lubrication System Designed to reduce friction between moving parts. By reducing friction, engine temperature drops, hence lowering wear on the moving parts. • Oil • Grease • Oil Pump • Oil Pan • Oil Galleries

  5. Drive-Train • Transmits power from the engine to the drive wheels. • It varies the torque applied to the drive wheels, depending on load. • Transmission • Drive shaft • Axles • differential

  6. Drive-Train

  7. Electrical System Produces, stores, and distributes electricity for the numerous electrical devices which contributes to the operation of the total vehicle. • Stores Power - Battery • Produce Power - Alternator • Starter • Wiring Harness

  8. Fuel System • Designed to store and deliver (mystify) the fuel. • Correct Air to Fuel ratio is 14.7 : 1 (Stoichiometric Ratio) • Four common fuels: • Patrol • Diesel • Propane (LPG) • Natural Gas (Compressed Natural Gas) • Fuel Pump • Injectors • Carburetor • Fuel Tank / Lines • Fuel Filter

  9. Exhaust/Emission System Removes the Exhaust gases from the engine, Muffles the sound, Cleans and cools the burned gases before they enter the atmosphere. • Headers / Exhaust manifold • Catalytic Converter • Exhaust Pipes • Muffler • Resonator

  10. Braking System • Allows the driver to slow or stop the wheel from rotating, which • in turn will reduce the vehicle speed or stop and hold the vehicle • from moving. • Converts kinetic Energy into Heat. • Master Cylinder • Brake Fluid • Lines / Hoses • Caliper, Pads, Rotors - FRONT • Wheel cylinder, Shoes, Drums - Rear

  11. Ignition System • Provides spark for the Patrol, CNG and LPG Engines. • Converts 12 volts to 60,000 volts • Sparkplugs • Distributor • Sparkplug wires • Ignition Switch • Ignition Coil

  12. Steering System Controls the direction of the vehicle. • Steering • Rack-and-pinion • Gear Box • Power steering Pump • Steering Linkage

  13. Suspension System Keeps the wheels in firm contact with the road for maximum traction. • Shocks • Struts • Springs • Control arms • Ball Joints

  14. Overview of Vehicle

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