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EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE

EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE. INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT *. DEFNITION DEFINED AS ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF A TERRITORY IN INDIA – SCHEDULED TRIBE VERNACULAR – ADIVASIS EARLIER KNOWN SETTLERS

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EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE

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  1. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT * DEFNITION DEFINED AS ORIGINAL INHABITANTS OF A TERRITORY IN INDIA – SCHEDULED TRIBE VERNACULAR – ADIVASIS EARLIER KNOWN SETTLERS CONSTITUTES 8.2% OF INDIA POPULATION SOME TRIBES ARE ON THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION SCHEDULED CASTES ARE ALSO INDIGENOUS PEOPLE T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  2. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • SCHEDULED TRIBES POPULATION 84.33 MILLIONS-2001 CENSUS • 461 RECOGNIZED TRIBE GROUPS • GONDS, SANTALS, ORAON, BHILS, NAGAS AND ONGE (OF ANDAMANS) CONSTITUTE LARGE TRIBES • MAJORITY LIVE IN A GEOGRAPHICAL BELT STRETCHING FROM GUJARAT TO SEVEN STATES OF NORTH EAST • ETHNIC DIVERSITY IN NORTH-EAST HAS 220 DISTINCT GROUPS T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  3. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Population Growth of ST/SC 1971 – 2001 19712001 80 million 166.61 million 20.05% of total population Decadal growth of scheduled caste – 20.5% According to the 61st Round Survey of the NSSO, almost nine-tenth of Budhists and one-third of Sikhs in India belonged to scheduled castes while one-third of Christians belonged to scheduled tribes. The Sachar Committee report of 2006 also confirmed that members of scheduled castes and tribes of India are not exclusively adherents of Hinduism. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  4. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Following is a table which shows the percentage of SC and ST in different religions prevailing in India. * % of population of the religion T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  5. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Living Standards • 52.17% of Scheduled Tribes live below poverty line as per 1991 census • Consequently dismal health & nutritional status • Indigenous people are largely forest dwellers, survive on forest products • Indigenous people are displaced with dwindling forest cover due to modernisation/industrialisation. • Gradually they take on artesanal pursuits and become Industrial labour • Education is a crucial factor for improving living standards and empowerment of Indigenous people. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  6. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Constitutional Safe Guards a) Protective legislation to enable quality of life • Untouchability Act 1955 • Scheduled Caste/Tribe Act 1989 • Employment of manual scavengers and construction of Dry Latrines Prohibition Act 1993 • Legislations were undertaken to protect the Rights of the Indigenous people and ensure quality of life and opportunity for Development T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  7. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Constitutional Safe Guards b) Affirmative Action • Reservation to provide preferential treatment-access to education, specially higher/professional Education. • Reservation for Jobs • Enhanced allocation of Resource in Budget • Integrative strategy to inclusion T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  8. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Development • Special entitlement and allocation of Resources to benefit Indigenous people so as to bridge the gaps in social, cultural, financial and other areas. Sub-plans for uplifting scheduled tribes/castes under 5th and 6th National Five Year Plans as a measure to enhance Development of Indigenous people. • An umbrella strategy was evolved in 1979 to ensure physical and financial flow to benefit Indigenous people exclusively. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  9. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • Salient features and schemes implemented in favour of Development of Indigenous people. • Scheduled Caste/Tribe sub-plan-Exclusive allocation of Resources to ensure free flow of Resources. • For example in Tamilnadu, 21.27% of budget allocated for sub plan of the overall budget benefitting Indigenous people T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  10. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Literacy The above table reveals that 36.81% of the Scheduled Castes and 58.47% of Scheduled Tribes still remain illiterate, which means, need continuous development care, inspite of constitutional safeguards. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  11. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT The total number of schools functioning under the Scheduled Caste Tribal Welfare Department are as follows For the year 2011-12, the Tamil Nadu Government made a budget provision of Rs.110843 millions, of which a sum of Rs.8735.3 million (81%) has been allocated for education and related schemes. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  12. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Incentive Schemes to promote education of Indigenous people • Post-Metric Scholarship central/state • Scholarship upto std X a) 1st to 10th std Rs.110/p.m b) 3rd to 10th std Rs.700/p.m in hostel • Adhoc grants – Boys/Girls – Rs.750/- to Rs.1000 per year • Higher education special scholarships to pursue professional courses • Overseas scholarships to students whose parents income not exceed Rs.3,00,000/-. • There are lot of other incentives to promote education of indigenous people in the form of fee concession, exemption from exam fee etc. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  13. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT Special incentive scheme for Girl students • Awards at District/State/Central level support under Chief Ministers Merit Award. • Annual Gandhi Memorial Award • Special Prize money award • Merit cum means Award • Awards to Bright students • Distribution of free learning materials • Free bicycles scheme to students far away from school T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  14. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • Admission to bright students/converted indigenous people to Christianity in Reputed schools. • Hostels for Indigenous people from far-flung villages • In fact all the above incentives are meant to Motivate Indigenous People to educate and empower themselves. • But for these incentive schemes, which are part of the philosophy, policy and practice of the Govts to Educate Indigenous people for empowerment yet the backwardness continue. T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  15. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • The constitutional, legislative, protective, affirmative and development actions have paid dividens in increasing the literacy (enrolling, educating) employment and overall development of Indigenous people. It is worthwhile to celebrate the success which can be show cased through the achievements of Indigenous people. Few indigenous people in India Bright stars in the horizon who made it big across diverse fields and made our nation proud are examples to celebrate • B.R.Ambedkar, jurist, political leader, writer, father of Indian Constitution 2. Birsa Munda, freedom fighter T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  16. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • K.R.Narayanan, tenth President of India • K.G.Balakrishnan, former Chief Justice of India • Babu Jagjivan Ram, former Deputy Prime Minister of India T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  17. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • G.M.C. Balayogi, dalit speaker, Lok Sabha • Damodaran Sanjivayya (1921-1972) (First dalit Chief Minister of a state in India and first dalit President of Indian National Congress Party). • 8. Kashi Ram, founder of Bahujan Samaj Party T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  18. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT 9. Ajit Jogi, first Chief Minister of the state of Chattisgarh, India 10. Mayavati, current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh 11. Faguni Ram, Member of Parliament and Minister of State 12.Bangaru Laxman, former President of Bharatiya Janata Party T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  19. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT 13. Sushil Kumar Shinde, current Cabinet Minster of Power 14. Shibu Soren, current Chief Minister of Jharkhand state in India 15. Meira Kumar, Member of Parliament, current Speaker of Lok Sabha 16. S.Ashok Kumar, Judge Madras High Court and High Court of Andhra Pradesh T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  20. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT • Ram Vilas Paswan, the current president of the Lok Janshakti, political party and a former central Govt. Minister. 18. Divya Bharti, Bollywood acress 19. Vinod Kambli, International cricketer T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  21. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT 20. Ilayaraja, a noted music director and composer, Ilayaraja is also a instrumentalist, conductor, and a song writer The above prove beyond doubt that EDUCATION EMPOWERS AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLE ARE NOT TO LAG BEHIND T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

  22. EDUCATION AND CHILDREN’S WELL BEING:- PHILOSOPHY, POLICY AND PRACTICE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN IN INDIA – EDUCATING FOR EMPOWERMENT thank you T.K.MATHEW, CE, DEEPALAYA

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