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Struts 2 Actions

Struts 2 Actions. By, Srinivas Reddy.S. www.JAVA9S.com. Agenda. Action and its role Packages and namespaces Results Action and ActionSupport Using wildcards. www.JAVA9S.com. A Simple Birthday Action. URL: http://localhost:8080/struts2actions/greetings/birthday

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Struts 2 Actions

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  1. Struts 2 Actions By, SrinivasReddy.S www.JAVA9S.com

  2. Agenda • Action and its role • Packages and namespaces • Results • Action and ActionSupport • Using wildcards www.JAVA9S.com

  3. A Simple Birthday Action URL: http://localhost:8080/struts2actions/greetings/birthday When accessed, a page asking for the persons name should be displayed URL: http://localhost:8080/struts2actions/greetings/happybirthday This displays the success page which greets the person. www.JAVA9S.com

  4. A Simple Birthday Action Step 1: Create a JSP: birthday.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <html> <body> <h1>Enter the Birthday Boys name:</h1> <s:form action ="happybirthday"> <s:textfield name="birthdayBoy" label="Birthday Boy Name:"/> <s:submit/> </s:form> </body> </html> www.JAVA9S.com

  5. A Simple Birthday Action Step 2: Create an Action class to handle the form HappyBirthday.java package greetings; public class HappyBirthday { private String birthdayBoy; public String execute(){ if(this.getBirthdayBoy().equals(“”)||this.getBirthdayBoy()==null){ return “failure"; }else{ return “SUCCESS"; } } public String getBirthdayBoy() { return birthdayBoy; } public void setBirthdayBoy(String birthdayBoy) { this.birthdayBoy = birthdayBoy; } } www.JAVA9S.com

  6. A Simple Birthday Action Step 3: Create the Success and failure JSPs birthdaySuccess.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <html> <body> <h1>Wish you a Very Happy Birthday to You :-) <s:property value="birthdayBoy"/></h1> </body> </html> noBirthday.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <html> <body> <h1>LOOKS LIKE NO BODY IS CELEBRATING BIRTHDAY TODAY</h1> </body> </html> www.JAVA9S.com

  7. A Simple Birthday Action Step 4: Configure the Struts.xml <package name="default" namespace="/greetings" extends="struts-default"> <action name ="birthday" > <result>/pages/birthday.jsp</result> </action> <action name ="happybirthday" class ="greetings.HappyBirthday"> <result name ="SUCCESS">/pages/birthdaySuccess.jsp</result> <result name ="failure">/pages/noBirthday.jsp</result> </action> </package> Note: Struts.xml should be in WEB-INF/classes folder www.JAVA9S.com

  8. Role of Action • Controller • Data carrier • Result to be invoked www.JAVA9S.com

  9. Action as Controller public String execute(){ if(this.getBirthdayBoy().equals(“”)||this.getBirthdayBoy()==null){ return “failure"; }else{ BirthdayUtil.calculateAge(birthDate); Other business layer or service layer return “SUCCESS"; } } www.JAVA9S.com

  10. Action as Data Carrier public class HappyBirthday { A simple POJO private String birthdayBoy; public String getBirthdayBoy() { return birthdayBoy; } public void setBirthdayBoy(String birthdayBoy) { this.birthdayBoy = birthdayBoy; } www.JAVA9S.com

  11. Action as Result render public String execute(){ if(this.getBirthdayBoy().equals(“”)||this.getBirthdayBoy()==null){ return “failure"; }else{ return “SUCCESS"; } } <action name ="happybirthday" class ="greetings.HappyBirthday"> <result name ="SUCCESS">/pages/birthdaySuccess.jsp</result> <result name ="failure">/pages/noBirthday.jsp</result> </action> www.JAVA9S.com

  12. No execute() method • You can specify a different method other than execute method to play as controller method. <action name ="happybirthday" class ="greetings.HappyBirthday“ method =“wishForBirthday”> <result name ="SUCCESS">/pages/birthdaySuccess.jsp</result> <result name ="failure">/pages/noBirthday.jsp</result> </action> www.JAVA9S.com

  13. Packages and Namespaces <package name=“greetings" namespace="/greetings" extends="struts-default"> <action name ="birthday" > <result>/pages/birthday.jsp</result> </action> <action name ="happybirthday" class ="greetings.HappyBirthday"> <result name ="SUCCESS">/pages/birthdaySuccess.jsp</result> <result name ="failure">/pages/noBirthday.jsp</result> </action> </package> <package name=“reminders" namespace="/reminder" extends="struts-default"> <action name=“myreminder” …/> </package> www.JAVA9S.com

  14. Packages and Namespaces • Note: • Package name is mandatory. • namespace is optional but the default is “/”. • extends – to extend a parent package. • abstract- If true, this package will only be used to define inheritable components, not actions www.JAVA9S.com

  15. Result and types • JSP • Velocity • Freemarker • Xslt • Text • Stream www.JAVA9S.com

  16. Result and types <action name ="happybirthday" class ="greetings.HappyBirthday"> <result name ="SUCCESS">/pages/birthdaySuccess.jsp</result> <result name ="failure">/pages/noBirthday.jsp</result> </action> Attributes: name – should match with the return string from the execute method. Default is “SUCCESS” type – chain, dispatcher, freemarker, httpheader, redirect, redirectAction, stream, velocity, xslt, plaintext, tiles www.JAVA9S.com

  17. Action Interface www.JAVA9S.com

  18. ActionSupport class • Implements the interfaces Action, LocaleProvider, TextProvider, Validateable, ValidationAware, Serializable • Supports Internationalization. • Supports Programmatic validation. www.JAVA9S.com

  19. ModelDriven Interface • Used to tell that the form details to be filled to a different POJO instead of Action class itself. • Eg., public class Login implements ModelDriven{ private User user = new User(); public Object getModel(){ return user; } } www.JAVA9S.com

  20. Using Wildcards <action name="*"> <result>/WEB-INF/jsps/{1}.jsp</result> </action> URL: http://localhost:8080/struts2actions/testwildcard /WEB-INF/jsps/testwildcard.jsp www.JAVA9S.com

  21. Using Wildcards <action name="*/*"> <result>/WEB-INF/jsps/{1}/{2}.jsp</result> </action> URL: http://localhost:8080/struts2action/test/testwildcard /WEB-INF/jsps/test/testwildcard.jsp www.JAVA9S.com

  22. External configuration files Struts.xml </package> <include file="com/java9s/struts2/actions/shopping.xml"/> </struts> www.JAVA9S.com

  23. Thank you Download this PPT and example code from www.JAVA9S.com

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