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Gut Health Guide: Conditions, Symptoms & Treatments

Discover key gastrointestinal disorders such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Diverticular Disease, Appendicitis, Gallbladder Disease, Hepatitis, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Ulcers, Gastritis, Pancreatitis, and GERD. Learn about their causes, symptoms, diagnostic signs, and treatment options for optimal gut health management.

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Gut Health Guide: Conditions, Symptoms & Treatments

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  1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome • Chiefly a motility disorder • Pain / cramps often relieved with BM • Chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, or some combination, with change in stool appearance • Cause(s) • Treatments: anti-spasmodics, anti-diarrheals, anti-constipation agents, SSRIs, reassurance

  2. Diverticular Disease • Fairly common in those over 60 • Due to fiber-deficient diet • Diverticulosis • Diverticulitis

  3. Appendicitis • Signs • Iliopsoas and obturator signs • Rovsing’s sign • McBurney’s sign • Cutaneous hyperesthesia • Periumbilical pain, migrates • N / V, anorexia, obstipation, fever • Tx: surgical. Complicated with perforation

  4. Gallbladder disease • Cholecystitis • Female, fat, forty, flatulent, fertile • Tx: medical, surgical • Cholelithiasis • Cancer / Tumor • Gallstone pancreatitis • Biliary tract obstruction

  5. Hepatitis • N / V, anorexia, malaise, fever, jaundice • Causes: viral, EtOH, drugs, autoimmune, toxins • Exam: check for liver tenderness, hepatomegaly, caput medusa • Tx: remove offending agent, tx viral types if possible

  6. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases • Crohn’s disease • Bouts of fever, RLQ pain, diarrhea • Perianal abscess, fistulas • Extra-colonic manifestations • Tx: diet, 5-ASA, steroids, anti-TNF drugs • Ulcerative colitis • Bloody diarrhea, fecal urgency • Tx: 5-ASA, steroids, surgery • Increased risk of colon CA

  7. Ulcers • Gastric – usually worse with intake • Duodenal – often relieved with intake

  8. Gastritis • Usually benign and self-limiting with proper approach • Nausea, vomiting, cramping, fever • Caused by GI irritants, infection, stress • Tx: clear fluids for 24-48 hrs, then BRAT

  9. Pancreatitis • EtOH abuse # 1 cause • Also due to large fatty meals • Exam: Cullen’s sign, tender LUQ • Tx: IV fluids, NPO

  10. GERD • EtOH, chocolate, tobacco, caffeine, mint, tomato sauce/salsa, lying flat • Problem with LES • Often abdominal obesity, poor eating habits • Sour brash, retrosternal pain, cough, voice changes • Tx: H2 blockers, PPIs, diet changes, wt loss

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