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Engineering Principles

Engineering Principles. Physics of Bridge Design. Engineering Terms. **Compression is the OPPOSITE of Tension**. LOAD – engineering word for FORCE COMPRESSION – pushing or inward force TENSION – pulling. Engineering Terms Cont. DEAD LOAD – the weight of the structure itself

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Engineering Principles

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  1. Engineering Principles Physics of Bridge Design

  2. Engineering Terms **Compression is the OPPOSITE of Tension** LOAD – engineering word for FORCE COMPRESSION – pushing or inward force TENSION – pulling

  3. Engineering Terms Cont. DEAD LOAD – the weight of the structure itself LIVE LOAD – variable forces that affect the structure

  4. Engineering Terms Cont. There are 2 types of structures; tension and compression. • Tension structure weigh less than compression structures • Tension members are affected more by changing loads Therefore, TENSION structure is more stable than a COMPRESSION structure!

  5. Engineering Terms Cont. SHEAR – sliding. Divides material along a thin line. In the diagram, the bolts are subject to failure by SHEAR. TORSION – twisting. The wings of an airplane are subject to TORSION.

  6. Engineering Terms Cont. When a load is placed on the centre of a horizontal beam resting on 2 supports, the beam will move DOWNWARDS. • This type of deflection is called BENDING. • The top surface of the beam is in COMPRESSION • The bottom surface being stretched is in TENSION

  7. Engineering Terms Cont. • STRESS – intensity of the force. • Measured in lbs. per sq. inch or Newtons per cm sq.

  8. Engineering Terms Cont. • STRAIN – amount of deflection or movement; deformity • Measured in in/in 10.ELASTICITY – property of all materials that allow them to be stretched or compressed.

  9. Summary The 5 terms you will need to understand are: • Dead Load • Live Load • Stress • Strain • Elasticity The 5 forces you need to understand and be contending with are: • Compression • Tension • Shear • Torsion • Bending

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