Let’s Talk about VERBS…

1. Let’s Talk aboutVERBS… Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007

2. We enjoy singing. She admitted her mistake. Bring your homework. He found it. Take a look… They laughed. She coughed. The bus has arrived. I’m working. What's the difference?

3. Subject, Verb, and Object? We enjoy singing. She admitted her mistake. Bring your homework. He found it. They laughed. She coughed. The bus has arrived. I’m working.

4. Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it. What’s the difference? They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working.

5. Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verbs Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it. They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working. + object object

6. object Intransitive Verbs Intransitive verbs are verbs that are not followed by an object. They laughed. She coughed. Thebus has arrived. I’m working.

7. object Intransitive Verbs However, they can be followed by other things, like prepositions or adverbs. They laughed atthe joke. Thebus has arrived late.

8. Transitive Verbs + object Transitive verbs are verbs that are followed by an object. Weenjoy singing. She admittedher mistake. Bring your homework. Hefound it.

9. Transitive Verbs + object The object is usually a noun phrase. She admittedher mistake. But it can be a nounclause. She admittedthat she was wrong. Or a gerund… She admittedmaking a mistake.

10. Transitive Verbs + object Sometimes there are two objects! Bringme your homework. indirect object direct object

11. Transitive Verbs + object But it is wrong to have NO OBJECT. Weenjoy. She admitted. Bring. Hefound. X X X X

12. Can you remember? Fill in the worksheet now.

13. Find the object. Label the sentences. Which is it? I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give me a hand? My son is waiting for his test results. I have to make my son an appointment. It doesn’t matter.

14. Transitive Which is it? Transitive I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give mea hand? My son is waiting for his results. I have to make my sonan appointment. It doesn’t matter. Transitive Transitive

15. Intransitive Which is it? Intransitive Intransitive I love that song! The train is leaving. Who cut your hair? We were sitting by the fire. I want to go to New Zealand. Will you give mea hand? My son is waiting for his test results. I have to make my sonan appointment. It doesn’t matter. Intransitive Intransitive

16. object How do you know? Look in a dictionary! IntransitiveVerbs TransitiveVerbs ? [I] [T] + object

17. object But… Some verbs can beEITHER Intransitive OR Transitive. + object

18. object + object Which is the verb? Decide if they are I or T. She drinks every day after work. He drinks a lot of water when he’s sick. My teacher drove the van downtown. She drove to Seattle in about five hours. Write a paragraph about your family. I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan. When the bell rings, you can begin. You can begin the test when the bell rings. Which is it?

19. She drinks every day after work. I He drinks a lot of water when he’s sick.T My teacher drove the van downtown.T She drove to Seattle in about five hours.I Write a paragraph about your family.T I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan.I When the bell rings, you can begin.I You can begin the test when the bell rings.T/I I I object + object Which is it?

20. object How do you know? Look in a dictionary! Intransitive OR Transitive [I ; T] OR + object

21. Nihongo wa...

22. Transitive Verbs + object Transitive verbs can be made passive. The catchased the mouse. The mouse waschased by the cat. by = ‘the agent’ = who

23. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object People make cars in Japan. by people. aremade in Japan Cars ‘be’ + pp pp = ‘past participle’

24. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object Can you remember? 1. In the passive, the ________ becomes the subject. 2. The verb is formed by the verb ______ + _______. 3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? )

25. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object Answers… 1. In the passive, the OBJECT becomes the subject. 2. The verb is formed by the verb BE + PAST PARTICIPLE. 3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? ) Transitive!

26. Transitive VerbsPassives… + object WHY? *We use the passive when we don’t know or we don’t really care who does the action. by people. aremade in Japan Cars

27. Transitive VerbsPassives… *If we want to focus more attention on the object, then we use the passive. Usually we don’t useby someonein the passive because we don’t know or we don’t care who does the action. Cars by people. aremade in Japan If we know who, then we add by someone.

28. Transitive VerbsPassives: Practice Active PassiveWorkers built the hotel.People have sung that song.Justin Timberlake will sing that song. Active is usually better unless....

29. Active is usually better unless.... Choose the passive when…1. We don’t know who.2. We don’t care who.3. We don’t want to say who.4. We want to focus on the thing and not the subject.

30. Here are some passive sentences. What are the active sentences? Why are they better as passive sentences? We don’t know who… People will complete the highway next month. Who is obvious… Teachers teach English in junior high school. They don’t want to say who… George Bush made mistakes. We are more interested in the play than the writer. Shakespeare wrote Romeo and Juliet.

32. Homework • One grammar cards • The homework handout • Check the answers to your homework from last week (Thursday after 4pm).