Feel free to access and use these slides in full-page format: amybenjamin

1. Feel free to access and use these slides in full-page format: www.amybenjamin.com

2. Proper Nouns: My Noun Palette Concrete Nouns: CCLS Standards: All grades: Capitalization of proper nouns All grades: Expand information in sentences Beginning in Gr. 3: Use abstract nouns All Grades: Choosing words that are appropriate, varied, interesting Abstract Nouns: -tion,-sion,-ism,-ence, -ance, -ness, -ment, -itude

3. Proper Nouns: My Noun Palette (Variation) Singular Concrete Nouns: Plural Concrete Nouns: Collective Nouns: Abstract Nouns: -tion,-sion,-ism,-ence, -ance, -ness, -ment, -itude Additional CCLS Standards: Grade K: Form regular plurals in speech Grade 1: Basic subject-verb agreement Grade 2: Basic spelling patterns, generalizations, rules Grade 3: Form and use regular and irregular plurals Grade 5: Use a comma in a series Grade 9-10: Parallel structure

4. Informal and Formal English Standards: Beginning in Grade 2: Distinguish between informal and formal language register; distinguish between the way language is used in speech vs. writing. Set your dial to the level of formality that is appropriate for your audience and purpose.

5. Verb Pattern Game: A was an apple pie… B bought it. C chewed it. D dropped it. E engulfed it. F found it. G gnawed it. H hid it. I iced it. J juiced it. K kicked it. L liked it. M N O P R S Standards: Grade 1: Use a variety of verb tenses Grade 2: Form and use common irregular verbs Grade 3: Apply rules for adding suffixes Grade 4: Form and use the progressive verb tense (Variations on the game) Grade 5: Use verb tense to convey various times, sequences, states, conditions Grade 8: Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense, voice, and mood; Explain the functions of verbals; use verbs in the active and passive voice. T U V W X Y Z

6. Village 1: The village where verbs… have, had, have had send, sent, have sent build, built, have built Pop. approx 20 verbs Village 5: The village where verbs… www.amybenjamin.com Irregular Verb Villages Village 3: The village where verbs… cut, cut, have cut hit, hit, have hit put, put, have put quit, quit, have quit Pop: approx 40 verbs keep, kept, have kept sleep, slept, have slept sell, sold, have sold bring, brought, have brought catch, caught, have caught Pop: approx 40 verbs Village 6: The village where verbs… spin, spun, have spun sit, sat, have sat stand, stood, have stood Pop: approx 70 verbs Village 4: The village where verbs… Village 2: The village where verbs… Village 7: The village where verbs… blow, blew, have blown fly, flew, have flown take, took, have taken shake, shook, have shaken see, saw, have seen Pop: approx 75 verbs mow, mowed, have mown sew, sewed, have sewn swell, swelled, have swollen Pop. approx 10 verbs swim, swam, have swum ring, rang, have rung sing, sang, have sung go, went, have gone Pop: Approx 25 verbs

7. bouncy shy friendly shyly vivaciously protectively protective recklessly hungry cautiously jovially playfully playful silly adventurously curiously adventurous curious Linking verbs tell the nature of things. Linking verbs: BE, + sense verbs: look, sound, smell, feel; seem verbs: seem appear, become, grow Action verbs are modified by adverbs. Standards: Grade 3: Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs, choosing correctly between them depending on what is being modified. Pepper is… Pepper behaves… Pepper acts… Pepper looks..l Pepper seems… Pepper became… Linking verbs are completed by adjectives.

8. Standards: Grade 3: Use coordinating and subordinating conjunctions Grade 4: Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence Grade 5: Explain the function of conjunctions…; Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style Grade 6: Vary sentence patterns for meaning, etc. Grade 7: Choose among simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to sidnal differing relationships among ideas Grade 9-10: Use a semicolon Grade 11-12: Vary syntax for effect Common Hitching Devices Coordinating Conjunctiions Subordinating Conjunctions Conjunctive Adverbs Relative Pronouns That Which Who, whom What Where Why How Whichever Whatever, etc. As, although, after While, when Until Because, before If AAAWWUBBI However Moreover Therefore Furthermore And But So Or/nor Can join clauses Warning: Many sentence fragments begin with these words. Usually, you must hitch these words and the clauses that they introduce to your previous sentence. Can join two independent clauses to make a compound sentence. Warning:You must use a comma with these when they join independent clauses. Can hitch up to an independent clause, creating a subordinate (dependent) clause, forming complex sentence. Can appear after main clause (no comma) or before main clause (needs a comma) Can move within own clause; Requires commas on both sides Warning: If you wish to use these to join clauses, you must use a semicolon.