Principles of Information Technology

1. Principles of Information Technology Chapter 11: Word-processing Basics

2. Word Processing Programs • Word-processing programs are used for creating and printing text documents. These programs have four functions: writing, editing, formatting, and printing.

3. Word Processing Documents • The insertion point shows where the text you type will appear. It moves as you type. • As you write, you might want to reread or change something you wrote earlier. That is made easy by scrolling, or using the mouse or keyboard to move through the document.

4. Basic Features • Word wrapautomatically starts a new line, or “wraps” the text, when the current line is full. • When a page is full, thepagination feature automatically starts a new page. • The AutoCorrectfeature fixes common spelling mistakes as they are typed. • The AutoRecover or autosavefeature automatically saves a document as often as you want.

5. Selecting Text • To change text already entered in a document, you must selectit. Then you can delete it, move it, copy it, or change its formatting.

6. Cutting, Copying, and Pasting • The Clipboardstores cut or copied text while you work. • The Pastecommand inserts an item copied or cut to the Clipboard. • The Cutcommand removes the selected text from a document and places it on the Clipboard. • The Copycommand places a duplicate of the selected text on the Clipboard.

7. Undoing and Redoing • Word-processing programs have commands that can undo or cancel an edit. If you delete a word by mistake, you can use theUndo command to put it back. Many programs also have a Redocommand. You can use this feature to put a change back in effect after cancelling it with Undo.

8. Merging • Most word-processing programs have a mail merge feature you can use to generate customized form letters, mailing labels, envelopes, and even e-mails. • You create a word-processing document that includes the content you want everyone to receive, then merge it with a data source of customized information, such as names and addresses.

9. Document Appearance • Word-processing programs include many preset formats, called defaults. The program applies these formats automatically, unless you change them.

10. Formatting Characters • Character formatting lets you change the look of letters. • Fonts are text characters in a particular style and size. • Serif fonts, such as Times New Roman, have serifs, or lines projecting from the ends. They are easy to read and are often used for document text. • Sans serif fonts, such as Arial, do not have serifs, and are often used for headings.

11. Formatting Pages • You can change many paragraph formats, including alignment, line spacing, indentation, and tabs. • In some word processors, a sectionis part of a document that contains specific format settings. • Page formatting affects how and where text is positioned on the page.

12. Publishing from a Desktop • Desktop-publishing(DTP) programs are used to create high-quality publications that look as if they were produced on a printing press.

13. Designing the Layout • The most important task is designing the document's layout. A designer plans how each page will look by creating a master page. This provides the pattern for all the pages to follow and sets the basic features of the document's look. • The columns on the master page create areas called frames. Frames are simply empty containers that will eventually hold text or graphics.

14. Steps to Designing the Layout • After the text has been imported, images can be added. • The document is then formatted by adjusting the use of space to make the page attractive and easy to read. Program tools make it easy to alter images, and can be used to cropthe image, or trim it to focus only on certain parts. • DTP documents are often printed several times before they are finished.

15. Chapter Review • Serif fonts, such as Times New Roman, have serifs, or lines projecting from the ends. They are easy to read and are often used for document text. Sans serif fonts, such as Arial, do not have serifs, and are often used for headings. • Selecting text is an important function in word processing because once text is selected, it can be easily deleted, moved, copied, or given a special format.

16. Chapter Review (continued) • Both mouse and keyboard methods for performing actions such as selecting, cutting, copying, and pasting are available so people can use the method they prefer. • In landscape orientation, text displays and prints horizontally across the longer side of a page; in portrait orientation, text displays and prints horizontally across the shorter side of a page.