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McKinney-Vento 101

McKinney-Vento 101. December 2, 2013 Patricia A. Popp, Ph.D., State Coordinator Project HOPE – Virginia The College of William & Mary. Agenda. Highlight key McKinney-Vento EHCY requirements Define homelessness Liaisons Immediate enrollment School of origin Virginia specific

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McKinney-Vento 101

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  1. McKinney-Vento 101 December 2, 2013 Patricia A. Popp, Ph.D., State Coordinator Project HOPE – Virginia The College of William & Mary

  2. Agenda • Highlight key McKinney-Vento EHCY requirements • Define homelessness • Liaisons • Immediate enrollment • School of origin • Virginia specific • Resources • Your questions

  3. Causes and Impact of Homelessness • Causes • Poverty • Substance Abuse • Domestic Violence • Mental Illness • Affordable Housing • Physical Illness • Economic crises • Impact • Absenteeism is greater • Developmental delays occur at 4 times the rate reported for other children • Learning disabilities identified at double the rate • Twice as likely to repeat a grade

  4. Context • Poverty Tour • http://www.povertyusa.org/the-state-of-poverty/poverty-usa-tour/ • National Low Income Housing Coalition • http://www.nlihc.org • VDSS Self Sufficiency Standards • http://www.dss.state.va.us/geninfo/reports/agency_wide/self_sufficiency.cgi

  5. McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance ActEducation for Homeless Children and Youth (EHCY) Program Title X, Part C 2001 Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act

  6. McKinney-Vento Act, EHCY • Reauthorizes the Stewart B. McKinney Act, originally enacted in 1987 • Provides states with funding to support local grants and statewide initiatives • Requires educational access, attendance, and success for homeless children and youth

  7. The child’s classroom may be the only place where the child can experience quiet, interact with children his/her age, and experience success… School is the most normal activity that most children experience collectively…For homeless children it is much more than a learning environment. It is a place of safety, personal space, friendships, and support. Oakley & King, 2000

  8. Defining homelessness for EHCY • An individual who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence, including children and youth : • sharing housingdue to loss of housing or economic hardship • living in motels, hotels, trailer parks, or camping grounds due to lack of alternative adequate housing • living in emergency or transitional housing (What about housing first?)

  9. Defining homelessness (cont’d) Including children and youth : • abandoned in hospitals • awaiting foster care • having a primary nighttime residence that is a public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, regular sleeping accommodations

  10. Defining homelessness (cont’d) • living in cars, parks, public spaces, abandoned buildings, substandard housing, bus or train stations • migratory studentsmeeting the description • unaccompanied youth meeting the description

  11. Fixed, Regular, and Adequate • Fixed: Stationary, permanent, and not subject to change • Regular: Used on a predictable, routine, or consistent basis (e.g. nightly) • Adequate: Sufficient for meeting both the physical and psychological needs typically met in home environments Can the student go to the SAME PLACE (fixed) EVERY NIGHT (regular) to sleep in a SAFE AND SUFFICIENT SPACE (adequate)?

  12. McKinney-Vento EHCY Requirements • Appoint a local homeless education liaisonin every LEA • For Virginia liaisons, visit: • www.wm.edu/hope • Provide outreach and coordination to identify students

  13. EHCY Requirements (cont’d) • Enroll students immediatelyin local school OR • Maintain student enrollment in the school of origin when feasible and in the student’s best interest • Includes transportation • Even across school division lines Get the student enrolled and keep the student enrolled!

  14. Ensuring Access to Educational Services • Free school meals • Title I • Special education • Gifted programs • Transportation • After school and summer programs • Head Start, VPI, ECSE, EI

  15. Numbers experiencing homelessnessNationally • Approx. one-third are families • 1.6 million children – one in 45 experience homelessness (NCFH) • 1,065,794in SY 2010-2011, an 11 percent increase over the three-year period SY 2008-2009 • NCHE State Profile Pages

  16. Virginia 2011-12 • PreK-12 – 17,940 • PreK – 551 (enrolled) • Elementary – 9,469 • Middle – 3,543 • High –4,377 Hyperlink: NCHE State Profile Pages

  17. Students Identified as Homeless Total Enrolled in Virginia Public Schools

  18. Young Children Experiencing Homelessness • 45 percent of children living in homeless shelters in Virginia are under the age of five. • 2500 children under five were reported by VDHCD in emergency, domestic violence and transitional programs for FY 2008

  19. The Importance of Education for Young Children Experiencing Homelessness • http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid4853363001?bckey=AQ~~,AAAAAP1OrgE~,Pg4k-7G5h8q5f5a18Ed-9RBn57qq9pZW&bctid=1543532738001 • VA resources • EI website • HOPE website • HeadStart site

  20. Who are unaccompanied homeless youth?

  21. Who are unaccompanied students? • 2-step process • Does the student’s living arrangement meet the McKinney-Vento Act’s definition of homeless? • Once homelessness is determined, is the student unaccompanied? • Unaccompanied = “not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian”; in practical terms, this means the youth does not live with the parent or guardian

  22. Scenario: Jerold Jerold was kicked out of his house in his junior year of high school. He’d had problems getting along with his stepmom for some time and the level of conflict had gotten out of control. He went to live with his friend, Kevin, but Kevin’s parents said Jerold can only stay there until the end of the semester. • Is Jerold: • Homeless? • Unaccompanied homeless youth? • Neither?

  23. Scenario: Kristin Kristin’s mom was incarcerated during her senior year in high school. Her older sister moved back to the family’s house to be with Kristin while her mom was gone. • Is Kristin: • Homeless? • Unaccompanied homeless youth? • Neither?

  24. Scenario: Adam • Adam and his family have experienced housing instability for many years due to his father’s health and difficulty maintaining a job. Adam and his younger brother and two sisters and lived in their van with both parents last year. Currently, they are staying in a low-cost motel. • Is Adam: • Homeless? • Unaccompanied homeless youth? • Neither?

  25. Scenario: Sara Sara’s dad is a professor at a local college. He will be teaching in another state for one semester as a visiting professor. Because Sara is going into her senior year of high school, she plans to stay with a neighborhood friend while her dad is away. • Is Sara: • Homeless? • Unaccompanied homeless youth? • Neither?

  26. Scenario: Andre Andre is a 16 year old junior in high school. There was a conflict at home that led to a CPS call. Social services did not take custody of Andre but assisted in arranging for him to stay with his aunt in a neighboring school district as an informal kinship care arrangement. • Is Andre: • Homeless? • Unaccompanied homeless youth? • Neither?

  27. Unaccompanied Homeless Youth and the FAFSA

  28. Financial Aid and FAFSA Basics • Families are expected to contribute to higher education costs to the extent to which they are able (“expected family contribution” or EFC) • FAFSA • Cannot be filed before January 1st preceding the academic year in which the student wishes to enroll • For dependent students, filling out the FAFSA requires income and asset information for both the student and a parent, and a parent signature • For independent students, no parental signature or income and asset information is needed

  29. Federal Financial Aid • Youth who meet the definition of “independent student” can apply for federal aid without parental income information or signature. • Unaccompanied youth are automatically considered independent students. • Must be verified as unaccompanied and homeless during the school year when application is submitted. • Youth who are unaccompanied, at risk of homelessness, and self-supporting are also automatically considered independent students • Must be verified as such during the school year in which the application is submitted.

  30. Federal Financial Aid (cont.) • Verification must be made by: • McKinney-Vento Act school district liaison • HUD homeless assistance program director or designee • Runaway and Homeless Youth Act program director or designee • Financial aid administrator. • If a student does not have, and cannot get, verification from liaison or shelter provider, the FAA must determine eligibility based on legal definitions of homelessness and unaccompanied

  31. Thanks for all you do! • HMSE_PICS.mpg

  32. Resources • HUD Virginia Resources - www.hud.gov/local/index.cfm?state=va&topic=homeless • NAEHCY – www.naehcy.org • NCHE - www.serve.org/nche • NLCHP - www.nlchp.org • NLIHC – www.nlihc.org • Project HOPE-VA: www.wm.edu/hope • USDE - www.ed.gov/programs/homeless/index.html

  33. Contact Information Project HOPE-Virginia The College of William and Mary P. O. Box 8795 Williamsburg, Virginia 23187 (757) 221-7776 (877) 455-3412 (toll free) (757) 221-5300 (fax) homlss@wm.edu www.wm.edu/hope

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