Warm-Up

1. Please do the warm-up on your own sheet! Warm-Up Objective: SWBAT identify ideals and tenets of existentialism Do you agree with, disagree with, or qualify the statement: “Everyone is here for a purpose.” Consider how general the statement is, and apply it to a complex world. • Agenda: • Housekeeping • Article of the Week • QUIZ • Notes on Existentialism

2. Housekeeping • Heading papers • Warm-Ups • Journals for JE’s • Class Site: https://lceng12honors.wikispaces.com/ • Participation grades • Dry-erase boards

3. Vocabulary Quiz • Because he was so ___________ when it came to working on cars, he decided to open his own car garage. • “One is obliged to wade through many pages of _________ material.” • She knew that his phone call breaking up with her was _________. This was actually it, with no questions asked. • After receiving the phone call that something may be wrong, he drove home with great______. • On our date, his ______ walking kept causing me to trip. • I hope I won’t be considered_____ if I interject with advice. • Because of her ______ efforts, she was able to construct the building model correctly on the first try. Celerity , Dexterous, Extraneous, Maladroit, Presumptuous, Scrupulous , Unequivocal

4. New Terms • Allegory • Anagnorisis • Existentialism • Synecdoche • Metonymy Monday: Definitions/Parts of Speech Tuesday: Examples Wednesday: Sentence related to Metamorphosis.

5. Unit Foci The Metamorphosis • Franz Kafka’s life and its portrayal in the text • Existentialism • Alienation of the Modern Man • Symbolism & Allegory • Anagnorisis • Addressing Questions and Answers about Life

6. Essential Questions • How does The Metamorphosis exude tenets of the Existentialist Era? • What symbolism occurs in The Metamorphosis and how does it fit into to existentialism framework? • What aspects of the novella are left unanswered? How can we make inferences and draw conclusions to answer these questions? • How does language reflect an understanding of the world?

7. Examining the Title Quick Write (3 minutes) What does the title, “The Metamorphosis” mean in relation to people? In other words, how can/do people go through a metamorphosis in their lives? Is this a process that is necessary? Provide specific examples. Metamorphosis: •  a profound change in form from one stage to the next in the life history of an organism, from the caterpillar to the pupa and from the pupa to the adult butterfly.  • a complete change of form, structure, or substance, as transformation by magic or  witchcraft. • any complete change in appearance, character, circumstances, etc.

8. Please do the warm-up on your own sheet! Objective: SWBAT identify ideals and tenets of existentialism Warm-Up: To what extent do you agree with the Existentialist beliefs? Why? Which ones are you totally against? Why? • Agenda: • Group paragraph reading • Notes on Existentialism

9. Please do the warm-up on your own sheet! Objective: SWBAT identify ideals and tenets of existentialism Warm-Up: Period 2: Based on the paragraph your group read yesterday, what do you think the term existentialism means? Do you share some of the same insight you read in your group’s paragraph? Period 6: How “free” do you feel in your everyday life? How much free will do you think you actually have in any given circumstance? Why? Period 7: Since we were unable to answer yesterday, please respond to the following: What does the title, “The Metamorphosis” mean in relation to people? In other words, how can/do people go through a metamorphosis in their lives? Is this a process that is necessary? Provide specific examples. • Agenda: • Group paragraph reading • Notes on Existentialism

10. Article of the Week • Link posted on website • 2 questions • Journal Entry

11. One Minute Notes Periods 6 & 7 Use of a philosophical approach to understand human existence and experience. • Receive information on Existentialism • Take 1 minute in your group to record/highlight 1-2 KEY ideas. • When the minute is up, record your information on the chart at the front of the room • Write largely and legibly

12. Existentialism What is an “authentic life”? • Flourished primarily two decades after WWII • Life is absurd. • Use of a philosophical approach to understand human existence and experience • A philosophy concerned with finding self and the meaning of life through free will, choice, and personal responsibility. • People are not victims of circumstance; you choose who you are. • We are defined based on how we handle interactions, the choices we make, and our experiences. • You are able to define you through subjective and passionate examination. • Life has no meaning. We are here for no other reason besides the fact that our parents birthed us; no divine intervention. • With or without any knowledge of the world, you are responsible for your actions. • Happiness in the present. Man lives in the moment with no real connection to the relationship between actions and consequence. • Society is unnatural and its traditional religious and secular rules are arbitrary.

13. Existentialists do not believe: • wealth, pleasure, or honor make the good life • social values and structure control the individual • accept what is and that is enough in life • science can and will make everything better • people are basically good but ruined by society or external forces • “I want my way, now!” or “It is not my fault!” mentality

14. Top Existentialist Beliefs- Existence precedes essence: an existentialist would define existence from the inside, out; and focus was shifted from the world at large to the individual’s experience inside the confines of that world. The Look: This is central to Existentialist thought. This idea is centered on the idea that something as simple as being conscious of being observed by another creature, whether human or animal, has a profound effect on the way the receiver of that look perceives his or her environment. Existential Angst: Describes the internal conflict experienced by every conscious individual due to the fact that the world is not a rational place and existence can be maintained only by constant struggle. The Irrational World: Central to the framework is the notion that at any moment, everything could change. There are no givens in life. There are no universal truths. There is no certainty.

15. Quick Write (1 ½ minute) • What is meant by the term alienation? • Modern man? • What is the relationship between the two?

16. Alienation the state of being withdrawn or isolated from  the objective world, as through indifference or disaffection. • What are some positive results of alienation? • Negative? • Necessary? • Realistic?

17. Alienation According to Existentialism • Must overcome alienation to reach “self-recognition” • Occurs when we do not accept responsibility for our world and our choices • During this time, one is removed from himself to examine his motives, aims, and behaviors; this helps him determine whether he is comfortable and accepting or wishes to change his ways to better exist.

18. In Your Groups Determine how the quote (from the text) you were given reflects an Existentialist belief or ideal. Write a few brief statements on one sheet of paper for your group.

19. Exit Ticket In what ways does Existentialism reflect your own ideas of life? Explain. Add any lingering questions you still have about existentialism. Put your name, date, and period on the index card.

20. More on Existentialism • Look at the charts from other classes. Take a few minutes and jot down something you didn’t know or didn’t write from those charts. • Ask any additional questions you may have.

21. Lingering Questions from Yesterday

22. Homework Find an artifact that represents existentialist ideas. This can be cartoons, photos, logos, etc. Write at few sentences explaining how this image represents or relates to existentialist ideas, and attach it to your artifact. Be prepared to share tomorrow. How does this image represent or relate to an existentialist idea? Existentialists believe that there is no divine intervention, and no need for religion. They believe that people should simply live as passionately and sincerely as possible.

23. Share Your Artifact

24. Objective: identify key beliefs of existentialism; conduct a close reading of paragraphs 1-3 of The Metamorphosis to explain the evidence of Existentialism. Warm-Up Defend or challenge one of the beliefs of existentialism. Agenda: • Recap Existentialism • Close Reading Discuss which tenet you defended or challenged with your group. Share one tenet that your group found interesting. Did the entire group agree/disagree? Why?

25. Recap of Existentialism • Humans are thrown into a world of reality where pain, frustration, sickness, contempt, malaise and death dictate their lives, but their choice to indulge (or not) is present. • Existentialism stems from the belief that "existence precedes essence" meaning human beings have no essential self, they are no more than what they appear. • No outside forces governing our lives, individuals must take responsibility for their own actions. • Human beings must define their own nature. • All life ends with death; life has little purpose. • Some themes of existentialism include, anxiety, a feeling of nothingness, absurdity, and alienation (sometimes our actions affect others).

26. Novella Longer and more complex than short stories but shorter and simpler than novels The novella usually focuses on a limited number of characters, a relatively short period of time, and a single chain of events Usually contains a surprising turning point

27. Compare the beginnings to the endings: What do these two lines have in common? • “When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed into a monstrous vermin” (Kafka, Metamorphosis 1). • “It was a bright cold day in April and the clocks were striking thirteen” (Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four 1).

28. Both sentences make their points through defamiliarization: • They initially describe normal, everyday, almost boring events, only to disrupt this sense of normalcy at the very end. • The disruption of readerly expectation is sometimes called a defamiliarization effect – in German, Verfremdungseffekt, which translates as “alienation effect.” QUICK WRITE: What is the effect of beginning the text in this way?

29. Lost in Translation? “Vermin” Can either be defined as a parasite feeding off the living (as is Gregor's family feeding off him), or a vulnerable entity that scurries away upon another’s approach, as Gregor does for most of the narrative after his transformation. QUICK WRITE: Significance?

30. Significance • Writers often use fantastic events to signify additional levels of meaning beyond the literal. • Thus, we need to ask ourselves what Gregor’s metamorphosis signifies in terms of larger issues.

31. The MetamorphosisChapter 1 Paragraphs 1-3 • Read the text. • Annotate ANYTHING that stands out to you as important or significant. • Symbolism, characterization, setting, diction, tone, etc.

32. Revisit the Text • What is being said? • How is it being said? • Why is it being said that way?

33. Share Out • Discuss with the students in your group about the WHAT, HOW, and WHY. Require Evidence! Use accountable talk! • Bullet some of the responses on a dry-erase board and be prepared to share. You may want to transfer this info to your notes for review later.

34. Continuing to ReadChapter 1 • As we read, take notes of examples existentialism, symbolism, and any other literary elements, figurative language, etc. that you may find. • Be prepared to share, discuss, and defend your examples! • Think About: • What tenets of existentialism are present? What role do they play in the development of the text? • What are some of the symbols presented by Kafka? What do they mean? Why are they significant?

35. Homework • Finish reading Chapter 1. • FOCUS QUESTION: • What questions about life does Kafka raise? Try to find 2-3 questions. Be sure to record page/paragraph number.

36. At first, Gregor refuses to accept his changed state: • He tries to get out of bed, get dressed, plan his day, and so on, as though his metamorphosis has not actually happened. • The long, detailed description of the difficulties of getting out of bed (960-62) reminds us of how dependent we are on our bodies. Gregor’s normal sense of corporeality – of himself – is thus disrupted, or defamiliarized.

37. Closure Write a question you may have about what you’ve learned so far. Or, you may indicate that you need more assistance with a particular detail. Please drop the card in the bin.

38. Setting the Scene • The protagonist of the story is Gregor Samsa, who is the son of middle-class parents in Prague.  • Gregor’s father lost most of his money about five years earlier, causing Gregor to take a job with one of his father's creditors as a travelling salesman.  • Gregor provides the sole support for his family (father, mother, and sister), and also found them their current lodgings in Prague. • When the story begins, Gregor is spending a night at home before embarking upon another business trip. And then. . . 

39. Housekeeping • Every Friday, the Article of the Week response is due! • Check the wiki site NIGHTLY! http://lceng12honors.wikispaces.com/

40. Objective: demonstrate understanding of Chapter 1 of The Metamorphosis by completing a short answer quiz; work in groups to develop responses to critical thinking questions about the text. Warm-Up: Of all things for Kafka to allow Gregor to be transformed into, he selects a BUG. What is interesting or symbolic about his selection of a bug? TAKE OUT VOCAB TO BE SIGNED! Agenda: 1. Quiz on Chapter 1 2. Developing Questions 3. Group Response HOMEWORK: Familiarize yourself with chapter 1 (in depth); study vocabulary; Article of the Week.

41. Close Reading

42. Did you read Chapter 1? • How does Gregor feel about his job? What evidence in the story reveals his feelings? • What is Gregor’s role in his family? Why does he have so much responsibility? How is this role about to change? • What happens to Gregor when he leaves his room to meet the office manager? What does this episode reveal about Gregor’s father? • What circumstances in Gregor’s life might have caused him to feel dehumanized (deprived of human qualities and individuality) even before the metamorphosis took place?

43. Discussing Our Reactions • After reading Chapter 1, how do you feel about what has happened to Gregor AND those affected by his transformation? • Is this transformation his fault or his family’s? • Who is supposed to learn the most from this- him or his family? • How have the events in Chapter 1 fit into the existentialist framework?

44. His Parents and the Clerk • When Gregor finally escapes from his room, his appearance horrifies all onlookers (the chief clerk runs away, and his mother screams and upsets a pot of coffee) that his father beats him back into the chamber, making him bleed in the process. So, Gregor goes full circle: he is imprisoned in his body, and he is once again imprisoned in his room. HOW DOES THIS FIT INTO THE EXISTENTIAL FRAMEWORK?

45. Objective: SWBAT (1) demonstrate mastery of vocab terms by successfully completing a quiz; (2) collaborate in groups of 4 to compose responses to critical thinking questions about The Metamorphosis. Warm-Up: • How have you been using vocabulary terms? In conversation? Writing? What strategies will you use to ensure that you do no “lose” the terms? • Take 3 minutes to review vocabulary terms and/or quiz a neighbor. Agenda: • Housekeeping • Vocab Review • Vocab Quiz • Group JE

46. Houskeeping • Numbers on chart- closure • 4 week vocab test Monday, Oct. 7, 2013 (STUDY ALL WORDS) • Grades- reach out • Article of the Week • Work in folders or displayed

47. Vocabulary Review • Synecdoche – a term where a part of something refers to a whole of something. • “new wheels” for a new car • “all hands on deck” for workers • Metonymy – a term when a thing is referred to by a name closely associated with it. • Dish for an entire plate of food • Crown for a royal person • Suits for professional men • Allegory—a text that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning. • Anagnorisis– moment when a character makes a critical discovery—usually attempts to alter events thereafter • Existentialism-- A philosophy that emphasizes the uniqueness and isolation of the individual experience in a hostile or indifferent universe, regards human existence as unexplainable, and stresses freedom of choice and responsibility for the consequences of one's acts.

48. Vocabulary Quiz • Anagnorisis • Metonymy • Synecdoche • Existentialism • Allegory • “Do you have plastic (credit card)?” • b. Wizard of Oz-cowardice is in the lion, thoughtless panic in the scarecrow, etc. They represent hidden ideas! • Life is absurd and everyone must make his/her own purpose. • “The White House supports the bill.” • example occurs in Sophocles’ play Oedipus Rex, in which a famous Greek hero weds a queen and inherits a kingdom after accidentally slaying its king. The kingdom falls under a curse because someone has committed an unnatural act: killing his father and marrying his mother. He realizes that he has been the cause of this disaster, and wants to somehow fix the situation as best he can.

49. New Terms • Naif • Diffident • Grit • Deleterious • Enervate • Facetious • Fatuous Monday- Definitions & Parts of Speech Tuesday- 2-3 synonyms and antonyms for each Wednesday- original sentence.

50. Critical Thinking • Get into groups. • You will be given a discussion question based on chapter 1 of The Metamorphosis. • Work with your group to outline a response, using textual evidence to support any findings. • This can be done in bullet format, or in lists.