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This analysis explores the historical factors contributing to population densities in Brazil, focusing on coastal areas and the Amazon Basin. Coastal regions are densely populated, primarily due to 16th-century Portuguese colonization, the establishment of trading towns, and the development of agricultural plantations with enslaved African labor. Conversely, the Amazon Basin, home to indigenous tribes, has very low population density, comprising only 7% of the Brazilian population. Factors such as the harsh equatorial climate and deforestation threats further differentiate these regions in terms of residential patterns.
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Population Variations within Brazil • Coastal areas are more densely populated • The Amazon Basin area has very low population density
Coastal Areas • High population densities • Main cities; -Rio De Janeiro -Sao Paulo -Brasilia
Historical reasons for living near the coast • 16th century coastal areas were settled by Portugese colonists. • Trading towns were set up there • These grew into huge industrial cities • Portugese settlers also established large plantations along the coast. • African slaves were forced to work these plantations and grow cash crops
Amazon Basin is sparsely populated • Home to indigenous tribes • Only 7% of Brazilian population live in this area • Hot, wet equatorial climate • Tropical rainforests • European colonists did not want to live in this area (Green Hell) • In recent years this region has come under threat
Deforestation • Timber valuable (eg; mahogany- furniture) • Natural resources (mining) • Land cleared; -Cattle ranching -Soya plantations -Industrial plants -Road building
Exam Question • With reference to one country you have studied, describe one region with a high population density and one region with a low population density. Explain the reasons for the population variations.