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Understanding Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) and Dry Flowable (DF) Products: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Measurements

Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) and Dry Flowable (DF) formulations are compressed wettable powders into dust-free particles. This review explores the characteristics of these formulations, including their advantages such as ease of storage and reduced phytotoxicity, and disadvantages like clogging and the need for significant agitation when mixing. Proper measurement is crucial; using specific measuring devices ensures accuracy and minimizes user error. Understanding fluid versus dry ounces is essential for effective application. Learn the best practices for handling WDG and DF products safely and effectively.

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Understanding Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) and Dry Flowable (DF) Products: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Measurements

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  1. Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) & Dry Flowable (DF) Formulation Products:Properties;Pros & Cons;Proper Use (Measuring)

  2. What is a DF / WDG? • Water-Dispersible Granule (WDG) and Dry Flowable (DF) formulations are made by compressing (“aggregating”) a Wettable Powder (WP) into “dust-free” particles.

  3. Review: Dry Formulations • Dust (D) • Granule (G) • Pellet (P / PS) • Wettable Powder (WP) • Dry Flowable (DF) = Water-Dispersible Granule (WG / WDG) Applied Dry

  4. DF / WDG Characteristics Like WPs (and all other commonly-used dry-formulation products): density depends on the properties of the active ingredient and the carriers (inert ingredients)!

  5. DFs and WDGs:Advantages & Disadvantages

  6. DF / WDG -- Disadvantages • Like WPs • form a suspension (not a solution) in a spray tank…so… • require significant agitation • may be abrasive to pumps, tips, etc. • may clog strainers/screens • hard to mix (however, many products are low-rate…)

  7. DF / WDG -- Advantages • Like WPs: • easy to transport and store • less likely to be phytotoxic or harm treated surfaces than some other sprayable formulations (ex. ECs) because they don’t contain any oils or solvents

  8. DF / WDG -- Advantages • An added benefit over WPs • reduced handler exposure risk: • larger, less “dusty” particles • reduced handling: • easier to take out of packaging • no weighing (if premeasured container is used) • …BUT…

  9. While DF / WDGs have advantages, there is a “catch”: • To avoid weighing, mixer-loaders MUST use a product-specific measuring device • dedicated to a specific “batch” of product (may change from year to year) • w/ premeasured lines based on weight (density)

  10. DFs and WDGs:Proper Use Requirements

  11. Description:Units of Measurement • Dry dry ounce, pound… milligram, gram, kilogram… • Liquid fluid ounce, cup, pint, quart, gallon... milliliter, Liter…

  12. Dry Ounce Measure of Weight 1/16 of a Pound

  13. Fluid Ounce Measure of Volume (Space Occupied) 1 fluid ounce = 2 tablespoons = ~ 30 cc’s (= 29.6 cm3) = ~ 30 mL (= 29.6 mL) = 1/128 of a US Gallon = 1/16 of a US Pint

  14. Dry or Liquid?

  15. Dry or Liquid?

  16. Dry Ounce • Note the placement of the 1 dry-ounce (weight measure) mark:

  17. Variation: different batches of the SAME product

  18. Problems: • End users do not always: • understand the properties of WDGs/DFs • know why using the right measuring container is critical • remember that fluid and dry ounces are NOT the same

  19. Problems: • Dealers/suppliers do not always give end users: • the right measuring device for the product • measuring containers with accurate labels and marks • measuring instructions = an explanation re: why using the right “tube” is critical

  20. Problems: • Manufacturers do not always: • give dealers/suppliers information about DF/WDG products, and how to measure them properly • Package products with enough measuring devices • Identify which device “goes with” what “batch” of product

  21. Measuring WDG/DF Products • Measure WDG/DF products ONLY with the device made for and sold with product. • Discard dedicated WDG/DF measuring containers when product is used up!

  22. Take-Home Messages • Fluid and dry ounces are NOT interchangeable equivalents. • Different substances vary in density • Be sure you know what you’re measuring—and use the right method and device!!

  23. Acknowledgements • Pat Hipkins at Virginia Tech University was the primary author of this slide set.

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