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NICHE RAMSAR SITES RED DATA LIST. KEY CONCEPT Every organism has a habitat and a niche. A habitat differs from a niche. A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. biotic factors abiotic factors.
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NICHERAMSAR SITES RED DATA LIST ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
KEY CONCEPT Every organism has a habitat and a niche. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
A habitat differs from a niche. • A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. • biotic factors • abiotic factors • An ecological niche includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce = ROLE of organism • food • abiotic conditions • behavior ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Resource availability gives structure to a community. • Species can share habitats and resources. • Competition occurs when two species use resources in the same way. • Competitive exclusion keeps two species from occupying the same niche. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Madagascar South America
WETLANDS……………………. • Lands where water saturation is the dominant factor determining the nature of soil development and the types of plant and animal communities living in the surrounding environment. Other common names for wetlands are bogs, ponds, estuaries, and marshes. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
The richness and usefulness of the wetlands was first brought to the notice of the world by a convention on wetlands held in Ramsar, an Iranian city situated on the shores of the Caspian Sea, in 1971. https://www.ramsar.org/ ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
THE RAMSAR CONVENTION AND ITS MISSION The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”. The Convention uses a broad definition of wetlands.. It includes all lakes and rivers, underground aquifers, swamps and marshes, wet grasslands, peatlands, oases, estuaries, deltas and tidal flats, mangroves and other coastal areas, coral reefs, and all human-made sites such as fish ponds, rice paddies, reservoirs and salt pans. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Under the “three pillars” of the Convention, the Contracting Parties commit to: • work towards the wise use of all their wetlands; • designate suitable wetlands for the list of Wetlands of International Importance (the “Ramsar List”) and ensure their effective management; • cooperate internationally on transboundary wetlands, shared wetland systems and shared species. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Why are wetlands important ? Wetlands prevent flooding by holding water much like a sponge. By doing so, wetlands help keep river levels normal and filter and purify the surface water. Wetlands accept water during storms and whenever water levels are high. When water levels are low, wetlands slowly release water. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Area Estimates of Wetlands of India (in million ha) ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
RAMSAR SITES IN INDIA ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Front cover of World Wetland Day 2006 postcard World Wetland Day 2nd February. Number of Ramsar sites in India is 25. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Building awareness: For achieving any sustainable success in the protection of these wetlands, awareness among the general public, educational and corporate institutions must be created. The policy makers at various levels, along with site managers, need to be educated. Because the country's wetlands are shared, the bi-lateral cooperation in the resource management needs to be enhanced. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
NATIONALWETLAND STRATEGY Protection: The primary necessity today is to protect the existing wetlands. Of the many wetlands in India, only around 68 wetlands are protected. But there are thousands of other wetlands that are biologically and economically important but have no legal status. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Planning, Managing and Monitoring: Wetlands that come under the Protected Area Network have management plans but others do not. It is important for various stakeholders along with the local community and the corporate sector to come together for an effective management plan. Active monitoring of these wetland systems over a period of time is essential. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Coordinated Approach: Because Wetlands are common property with multi-purpose utility, their protection and management also need to be a common responsibility. An appropriate forum for resolving the conflict on wetland issues has to be set up. It is important for all the relevant ministries to allocate sufficient funds towards the conservation of these ecosystems ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Research: There is a necessity for research in the formulation of a national strategy to understand the dynamics of these ecosystems. This could be useful for the planners to formulate strategies for the mitigation of pollution. The scientific knowledge will help the planners in understanding the economic values and benefits, which in turn will help in. setting priorities and, focusing the planning process. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
Red Data Book ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
ENDANGERED ANIMALS IN INDIARed Data Book • Critically Endangered species in India According to the Red Data Book of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), there are 47 critically endangered species in India (As of 5 September 2011 (2011-09- 05) • The Red list of 2012 is out on 18 february 2012 at Rio +20 Earth Summit. Red List has listed 132 species of plants and animals as Critically Endangered from India. ATUL M, PGT(BIO) K.V NO.1, O.F ITARSI
