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Writing Papers in the Biological Sciences

Learn how to cite sources effectively using the Harvard system and avoid common pitfalls in referencing to enhance the credibility of your research paper. This chapter covers rules for citation placement, avoiding over-citation, and organizing a literature cited section properly.

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Writing Papers in the Biological Sciences

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  1. Writing Papers in the Biological Sciences An introduction to Biological research and paper writing

  2. Chapter Six: Documenting the Paper • Citing sources in the text • You must document others work you used to help form your ideas • Use an accepted method of citation • Name-year (Harvard) system** • Number system

  3. Chapter Six: Documenting the Paper • Name-year (Harvard) system • Parenthesis enclose the name and date followed by a space • Example: The most recent study of coral bleaching in this region (Scipione 1995) suggests that… • Period behind parenthesis if at the end of a sentence • See packet for more details with multiple authors, multiple works, or no author • You may refer to a specific part of the work • Example: (Scipione 1995, Table 4) • Both summaries and direct quotes need where they came from

  4. Chapter Six: Documenting the Paper • Rules for Citation • Put the citations where they make sense • Do not cite common knowledge • Be careful not to pack in so many citations the reader loses sight of what you are saying

  5. Chapter Six: Documenting the Paper • Literature cited section • Only include works cited in your paper • Do not include items used for background information, this is not a bibliography • See packet on how to write your citations (use the name-year system) • Arrange them alphabetically

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