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The Immune and Enteric Systems

The Immune and Enteric Systems. Sue Howell, DVM. The Immune System. Identify potentially injurious substances Distinguish self from non-self Assess level of threat Mount an appropriate response Repair damage. www.nobelprize.org. Inflammation . Body’s natural response to insult

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The Immune and Enteric Systems

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  1. The Immune and Enteric Systems Sue Howell, DVM

  2. The Immune System • Identify potentially injurious substances • Distinguish self from non-self • Assess level of threat • Mount an appropriate response • Repair damage www.nobelprize.org

  3. Inflammation • Body’s natural response to insult • Vital to survival • Meant to be turned on for a short time

  4. Ingredients that support the immune system • Spanish black radish • RNA • Buckwheat leaf juice and seed • L-glutamine • http://vimeo.com/62369403

  5. Adaptogens Ashwaganda Ginseng (Withaniasomnifera) (Eleutherococcussenticosus)

  6. Canine Immune SupportFeline Immune Support • Indications • General immune system support • Colder climates or during the fall/winter months • When kenneled or in a shelter

  7. Star

  8. Star History Presentation • 6 year old F/S DSH • Chronic URI resolved with doxycycline, hyperglobulinemia with polyclonal gammopathy diagnosed 1 year prior • No follow up viral panel. No viral testing • Severe crusting and ulceration of the ears, face, and forelimbs • Lesions bleed easily when touched • Splenomegaly • Lethargy

  9. Star Diagnostics Recommendation • Negative skin scraping, 3+ cocci on skin cytology, woods light negative • FIV positive • Hyperglobulinemia • Lymphopenia • Clavamox • Itraconazole pending fungal culture • Nutritional support for the immune system • Grain-free canned diet

  10. Star Recheck (2 weeks) Recommendation • Lesions were drying up and 50% resolved • More active • Fungal culture negative • Continue Clavamox • Continue nutritional support for the immune system

  11. Star Recheck (4 weeks) Recommendation Recheck (6 weeks) • Skin lesions resolved • Spleen smaller and less nodular upon palpation • Continue nutritional support for the immune system • No lesions • Active and glossy hair coat • Spleen unchanged • Owner is thrilled!

  12. The Gastrointestinal System • 70% of immune system • Enterocytes • Mucosal barrier • Gut flora • Enteric nervous system

  13. Leaky Gut Syndrome Source: www.ktcolgan.com

  14. Gut Flora • detoxifies some xenobiotics • maintains the intraluminal environment • dialogues with the immune tissues of the gut • stimulates bone marrow Biomedical Imaging Unit, Southampton General Hospital

  15. Behavior

  16. Enteric Support Ingredients

  17. Canine Enteric SupportFeline Enteric Support Systems Supported • Digestive system • Liver • Kidneys • Immune system • Endocrine system

  18. Canine Enteric SupportFeline Enteric Support Indications • General enteric support • Patients with increased metabolic demand • Hepatic patients in need of additional enteric support as indicated by ALT, alkaline phosphatase, bile acids studies, and enteric histopathology • Patients with immune challenges

  19. Lexi • History • Pancreatitis 2 years ago • “Sensitive stomach” and infrequent soft stool • 11/27/13 – diarrhea and one episode of vomiting, suspected URI • 12/3/13 – suspected pneumonia • 12/31/13 – OSU consult • 1/1/14 – whipworms diagnosed

  20. Lexi Diagnosis Lymphangectasia with concomminent mild IBD

  21. Lexi • Medications • Azothioprine, Tylan powder, low dose aspirin, Prednisone, Vit B12 • Nutritional support for • the immune system • the gastrointestinal system • essential amino acids • Progress • 2/4/14 normal protein levels, weaning off medications, continue nutritional support

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