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The Internationalisation and Globalisation of Higher Education: Implications for China

The Internationalisation and Globalisation of Higher Education: Implications for China Stamenka Uvalić-Trumbić & Sir John Daniel Education Masters: DeTao Masters Academy. Plan: 5 sessions Internationalisation & Globalisation Ranking universities Access to higher education

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The Internationalisation and Globalisation of Higher Education: Implications for China

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  1. The Internationalisation and Globalisation of Higher Education: Implications for China Stamenka Uvalić-Trumbić & Sir John DanielEducation Masters: DeTao Masters Academy

  2. Plan: 5 sessions • Internationalisation & Globalisation • Ranking universities • Access to higher education • Qualifications and credentials • 5. Wrap-up and conclusions

  3. Plan: 5 sessions • Internationalisation & Globalisation • Ranking universities • Access to higher education • Qualifications and credentials • 5. Wrap-up and conclusions

  4. DEFINITIONS Globalization Internationalization Cross-Border Higher Education

  5. INTERNATIONALISATION

  6. INTERNATIONALISATION • Between and among nations • (e.g. inter-university agreements) • Nation is basic unit • (e.g. China Education Association for International Exchange)

  7. GLOBALIZATION

  8. GLOBALIZATION • Global economic integration • (e.g. McDonald’s) • World: a single Market • (e.g. MOOCs, Rankings)

  9. What is Cross-Border HE? “… teacher, student, programme, institution/provider or course materials cross national jurisdictional borders”

  10. CROSS-BORDER • branch campuses • student mobility • joint programmes • online learning

  11. International Branch Campuses • International Branch Campuses distinct form of CBHE • 32 international branch campuses in China (2014)

  12. BUT Branch campuses remain a marginal phenomenon. In China branch campuses and joint programmes combined account for 1% of student enrolments.

  13. STUDENT MOBILITY

  14. STUDENT MOBILITY • 4 million students abroad (2012) • Majority Asian (53%) • 700,000 Chinese students abroad (2012)

  15. GRADUATE MIGRATION • 30% of migrants to OECD countries (2010) are graduetes – total 27 m • 20% of them from China, India and Philippines • 70% increase since 2000

  16. FACULTY MOBILITY DeTao Masters from the Whole World 16

  17. ONLINE LEARNING

  18. 3,850 MOOCS are now available!

  19. QUESTIONS? COMMENTS?

  20. Mr Jiang Bo with Stamenka Uvalic-TrumbicBeijing, 2012

  21. GROUP DISCUSSIONS • What lessons from China’s experience of study abroad? • What impact of internationalisation and globalisation on migration?

  22. PLENARY DISCUSSION • What are the most productive modes of educational cooperation between China and the rest of the world?

  23. Plan: 5 sessions • Internationalisation & Globalisation • Ranking universities • Access to higher education • Qualifications and credentials • 5. Wrap-up and conclusions

  24. UNIVERSITY RANKINGS • US News and World Report • (beginning of 1980s – US only) • Global Rankings: • Academic Rankings of World Universities (ARWU) – 2003 • THE Rankings – 2004 • …and others followed

  25. WHAT DO RANKINGS MEASURE? • Research output • - articles, citations, Nobel Prizes… • Industry innovation/finance • Internationalism • Teaching quality (hard to measure?)

  26. . • NEW APPROACHES TO RANKINGS? • Develop rankings that fit local situations (e.g. Nigeria / AU) • U Multi-rank (Europe) • Measure a variety of dimensions

  27. BRITAIN’S TOP NINE UNIVERSITIES Quality Rankings of Teaching based on all subject assessments 1995-2004(Sunday Times University Guide 2004) • 1 CAMBRIDGE 96% • 2 LOUGHBOROUGH 95% • 3= LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 88% • 3= YORK 88% • 5 THE OPEN UNIVERSITY 87% • OXFORD 86% • IMPERIAL COLLEGE 82% • UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON 77% • ESSEX 77% …and OU top for student satisfaction

  28. The top 20 most searched universities on Google: 1. University of Phoenix 2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 3. Open University 4. University of Calicut 5. University of California, Los Angeles 6. Anna University 7. Stanford University 8. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) 9. Columbia University 10. New York University 11. University of Mumbai 12. University College London (UCL) 13. University of Oxford 14. Florida State University (FSU) 15. Harvard University 16. University of Cambridge 17. Liberty University 18. University of Rajasthan 19. University of Michigan 20. Annamalai University Source: Google/BBC

  29. WHAT POLICY TO ADOPT? • Dismiss rankings? • Take them seriously? • Use them intelligently?

  30. “World Class” university or system?

  31. Students’ Choices UNESCO Forum, 2011

  32. . Students’ statements “Huge shortcomings regarding the provision of comparable information on HE and programmes”. (Allan Pall, Estonia) “University rankings are a useful tool for making choices” but “University rankings should not be singular” (Vimonmas Vachatimanont, Thailand) “Cambridge and Oxford are not best in all disciplines”(Lydienne Machi, Cameroon)

  33. RANKINGS: QUESTIONS • Rankings = quality? • What does “world class” mean?

  34. QUESTIONS? COMMENTS?

  35. GROUP DISCUSSIONS • Are rankings a measure of quality? • What is a world-class university?

  36. The Internationalisation and Globalisation of Higher Education: Implications for China Stamenka Uvalić-Trumbić & Sir John DanielEducation Masters: DeTao Masters Academy

  37. Plan: 5 sessions • Internationalisation & Globalisation • Ranking universities • Access to higher education • Qualifications and credentials • 5. Wrap-up and conclusions

  38. INCREASING DEMAND Global enrollment: 2000 = 97 million 2007 = 155.2 million 2012 = 196.1 million (Asia 98.07 m) 2030 - 412 million (estimate) 2035 - 522 million (estimate)

  39. TERTIARY GROSS ENROLMENT RATE

  40. TERTIARY ENROLMENTS - CHINA 2012 = 32 million 2020 = 37 million (estimate) (India 28 m, US 20 m, Brazil 9 m)

  41. ACCESS: TO SUCCESS? • Successful completion • Success in employment • Fulfilling work

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