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Life in the Universe

Life in the Universe. How much life is there ? What are the probabilities ? A conservative estimation. Sombrero galaxy 29 milion light years away. Star nursery in our Milky Way. Life in the Universe. How many planets can have or have life on them ?

robertcook
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Life in the Universe

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  1. Life in the Universe How much life is there? What are the probabilities? A conservativeestimation.

  2. Sombrero galaxy 29 milion light yearsaway

  3. Star nursery in ourMilky Way

  4. Life in the Universe • How manyplanetscan have or have life on them? • The chemicalelements in oursolar system andgalaxy are similarall over de Universe. • Oursolar system is very “normal” no exceptionto the manyothersolar systems we discovered. • The physicallawsthatgovernourUniverse are everywhere the same, exceptin the center of Black Holes.

  5. Planetsaroundothersuns • The formation of most stars is similartoours, and most stars form planetsaroundthem out of the dust disc. • Almostall stars have planetsflyingaroundthem. • The estimates are, thatthere are much more planetsthen stars. • (Therecan even be life on a moonaround a planet, seeJupiter’smoon Europa, contains water and energy andprobably basic life forms)

  6. The “Goldilocks” Zone or circumstellarhabitable zone. • We needtoknowhowmanyplanetsaround the stars are situated in the “Goldilocks” zone. • This zone or area, is the distance of a planetfromit’ssunand have the possibilitytosustain liquid water. • The more conservativenumbersestimatethatthere is 1 rockyplanetwith liquid water in the Goldilocks zone forevery 1000 suns. • The most conservativeestimatethat life wouldevolve on such a planetwouldbe 1 in a million. Veryconservative!

  7. How much life wouldtherebe? • Therewouldbe 40 000 000 000 000 planetswith life in ourobservableUniverse. • Where does thisnumbercomefrom? • There are approximately 200 billion stars in a galaxy • There are approximately 200 billiongalaxies in the Universe. • So 200 000 000 000 x 200 000 000 000 = 4 with 22 zero

  8. How much life couldtherebe? • We divide the number of sunsby 1000, tofind a rockyplanet in the CHZ. • We dividethisnumber 4 with 19 zero by 1 000 000 change of life evolving on a planet in the Goldilocks zone. Then we have a 4 with 13 zero’s • Andthat is 40 trillion • Or 40 000 000 000 000 planetswith life on them • Tovisualizethisnumber, take a beach of 50 meters wideand 1 km long. All the sandgrainstill 1 meter depth, 50 meter wideand 1 kilometer long, everygrainrepresents a planetwith life on it in ourUniverse.

  9. How much life is there in the Universe • Life on most otherplanetscouldbevery basic, but on othersveryevolved. • Thereprobably are planetswith life way beyondourevolution. • The most important reasonwhy we didn’tfindother life on planets or didnotreceivesignals is because the Universe is so big! • Most of the othergalaxies are hundreds of million light yearsaway.

  10. How much life is there in the Universe • In case an intelligent species on anotherplanetsends a radio messageinto the Universe. Thenthatmessagecanonlytravel at the speed of light. • Imaginean intelligent creaturesendstoday a nicemessage full of valuable information from a planet in the Sombrero Galaxy. Then we wouldreceivethatmessage in 29.3 millionyears! • Or imaginethatour intelligent creature was sending the messagefor a 1000 years but thenwouldbegonebecause of a meteorcollission.

  11. How much life is there in the Universe • If the message was send 29.4 millionyearsagofor a thousandyears, then we would have misseditby 99 thousandyears. • The width of the Universe is 44 billion light yearsacross. We probably miss a lot of messages. • There most be a lot of life in the Universe! The Universe is teemingwith life. • We cannot prove ityet, because we cannotsee it. But 300 yearsago we couldn’t prove therewherebacteries, because we couldnotseethem, this is a similarsituation.

  12. Time andhumans in the Universe • If we wouldplace the age of the Universe (13.8 billionyears) on 1 year. • Then the first Homonidswouldappear on Earth 1 hourand a half ago. • The average life span of a human life of 80 yearswould take in the Universal yearonly 0.2 seconds • Show calculation

  13. Calculation of the age of the universeto 1 year • 13 800 000 000 / 365 =37 808 220 Y/24 hours = • 1 575 342 y /60 min = 26 255 year per minute • 26 255 /60 sec = 437 year per second • So 80 yearswould take 80/437 = 0.18 seconds • A life span of 80 yearswould take 0.18 sec on the Universal time scale of 1 year.

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