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E NVIRONMENTAL HUMAN IMPACT

Explore the environmental impact on Earth's layers, including the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere. Discover the threats to biodiversity, such as habitat destruction, invasive species, greenhouse effect, climate change, ozone layer depletion, ocean pollution, chemicals, acid rain, and runoff. Learn how these factors affect the delicate balance of ecosystems.

robertbaxley
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E NVIRONMENTAL HUMAN IMPACT

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  1. ENVIRONMENTAL HUMAN IMPACT PP. 435-444

  2. EARTH’S LAYERS

  3. Hydrosphere: includes oceans, lakes, rivers, and water vapor • Atmosphere: mixture of gases surrounding the planet • Geosphere: rock interior • Biosphere: part of the earth where life (biota) exists

  4. THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY • Currently in a time of high biodiversity • Estimated by 2030, 20% of species will be gone • Rainforest biome contains 1/5 of the world’s species but is quickly disappearing ARROWS INDICATE MASS EXTINCTION

  5. ECOSYSTEM DESTRUCTION • Biggest threat to biodiversity due to habitat destruction • Loss of biodiversity results in community instability

  6. Invasive species are the second largest threat • An invasive species can out compete native species and often lack of natural predators in the area

  7. GREENHOUSE AFFECT • The ability of our atmosphere to trap heat keeps our planet warm and habitable

  8. CLIMATE CHANGE

  9. Excess CO2 released from burning of fossil fuels • Possible correlation between temperature and CO2 levels • Adds to the “greenhouse” to trapping heat • Could affect amphibian/reptile development as well as weather and agriculture

  10. HOLE IN THE OZONE LAYER • O3 (ozone) makes up the ozone in the upper atmosphere and blocks radiation • CFCs from refrigerators and propellants break down ozone • Localized in southern hemisphere and increases in size over time (especially OCT)

  11. OCEAN POLLUTION

  12. Entanglement: organisms become twisted in or caught in plastics • Ingestion: organisms eat plastics • Rafting Organisms: barnacles, sea anemones, and other “rafters” make their home on plastics.

  13. CHEMICALS AND TROPHIC LEVELS

  14. bioaccumulation: pollutant from the environment enters the food chain through the lowest level • biomagnification: increase in concentration of a pollutant moving up the food chain

  15. ACID RAIN • Burning of coal produces H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) and burning of gasoline produces HNO3 (nitric acid) • These pollutants enter the atmosphere to form acidic water (acid rain) • Some bodies of water can buffer the effects of acid rain • Animals and plants sensitive to pH changes suffer the most

  16. RUNOFF • Eutrophication is the enrichment of an ecosystem with chemical nutrients containing nitrogen or phosphorus. • Eutrophication can lead to harmful toxic algal blooms and hypoxia (or oxygen depletion) • High rates of photosynthesis can raise pH to extreme levels during the day.

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