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Database management system

Database management system. By RUPESH KUMAR. Index . Database? Types? Abstraction? Database Models ? Database Integrity? ACID? RDBMS? Normalization? Data Warehouse ? Database Design? SQL?. Database-type-abstraction. Collection of Organized data to fulfill certain requirement.

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Database management system

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  1. Database management system By RUPESH KUMAR

  2. Index • Database? Types? Abstraction? • Database Models? • Database Integrity? • ACID? • RDBMS? • Normalization? • Data Warehouse? • Database Design? • SQL?

  3. Database-type-abstraction • Collection of Organized data to fulfill certain requirement. • Types : Flat file, relational, distributed. • Data abstraction • Physical- how? what? • Logical- what ? • View- UI?

  4. Database Model • The manner in which data is stored, organized and manipulated. • Model types: • Flat model, • Hierarchical model(tree like), • network model(graph), • relational model, • Dimensional model, • Object database

  5. dbms • Software package to control operations on data, stored by model standards. • Need? • Redundancy is controlled. • Unauthorised access is restricted. • Providing multiple user interfaces. • Enforcing integrity constraints. • Providing backup and recovery. • Ease of maintenance

  6. System view

  7. Database integrity • Ensures • Entered data is accurate • Valid based on predefined rules • Consistent (with no contradiction) • Types • Entity integrity- (table must have PK and unique non –null records related to it) • Domain integrity- (restricting data to predefined data types, e.g.: dates.) • Referential integrity- (existence of a related record which is referenced)

  8. ACID • Atomicity : operation(s) on data can have only two states fail or success • Consistency: only valid data will be written to the database(follow the rules) • Isolation: One at a time (~mutual exclusion) • Durability : committed transaction will not be lost.

  9. Popular Dbms • IBM DB2 • Oracle 11g • Microsoft SQL Server 2003/2005/2008 • Open source database: MYSQL 5.*

  10. RDBMS • Invented by E. F. Codd at IBM in 1970 • Model type: Relational • Data is structured in database tables, fields and records. • popular RDBMS are MS SQL Server, DB2, Oracle and MySQL.

  11. Normlization • Process of efficiently organizing data in a database. • Removes redundancies, and increases the clarity in organizing data. • Normal form ? • 1NF (No Repeating Elements or Groups of Elements) • 2NF (Eliminate Redundant Data) • 3NF (Eliminate columns not dependent on primary key) • 3.5NF/BCNF (determinant must be a candidate key.) • 4NF (no multi-valued dependencies) • 5NF (no cyclic dependencies )

  12. Db design process • Determine the purpose of your database • Find and organize the information required • Divide the information into tables • Specify primary keys • Perform Normalization • Use data modeling language/diagrams/chats • Analyze and recycle process for better efficiency and requirement • Choose DBMS

  13. Data warehouse • Database used for reporting • Three layers functionality • Staging is used to store raw data • Integration to have a level of abstraction from users • Access layer is for getting data out for users

  14. data handling • SQL: Standard Query Language • DDL: CREATE,DROP,ALTER ,TRUNCATE etc. • DML: INSERT,UPDATE,SELECT,DELETE etc. • DCL: GRANT, REVOKE • TCL: COMMIT,ROLLBACK,REGISTER etc.

  15. References • Abraham Silberschatz Henry F. Korth S. Sudarshan “Database System Concepts” 6th Edition, Mcgrow-hill publication, January 2010. • Wikipedia • Google.com

  16. Questions and views?

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