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Chromosomal Mutations

Chromosomal Mutations. Karyotype. arrangement of chromosomes from one body cell. Sex Chromosomes. Determine the sex of the individual In humans: X and Y chromosomes X chromosome larger than Y chromosome. All female gametes (egg cells) contain an X chromosome

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Chromosomal Mutations

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  1. Chromosomal Mutations

  2. Karyotype • arrangement of chromosomes from one body cell

  3. Sex Chromosomes • Determine the sex of the individual • In humans: X and Y chromosomes • X chromosome larger than Y chromosome

  4. All female gametes (egg cells) contain an X chromosome • Male gametes (sperm) can contain either an X or Y chromosome

  5. Gender of child determined by father • 50% chance child will be male and 50% female

  6. Atypical Meiosis • Chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis • Results in gametes with too little or too much genetic information

  7. Down Syndrome • Zygote contained 47 chromosomes • 3 copies of chromosome 21

  8. Sex Chromosome Disorders • Klinefelter syndrome: males born with 2 X chromosomes • Turner Syndrome: female born with only 1 X chromosome

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