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PermaSense - Future Challenges in Outdoor Sensing Technology

Explore the latest advancements in outdoor sensing technology via PermaSense consortium, focusing on rock and ice temperature measurements, crack dilatation studies, and future challenges like acoustic emissions and slope movement.

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PermaSense - Future Challenges in Outdoor Sensing Technology

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  1. Future PermaSense Challenges – Technology Jan Beutel

  2. PermaSense www.permasense.ch • Consortium of several projects, start in 2006 • Multiple disciplines (geo-science, engineering) • Fundamental as well as applied research • More than 20 people, 8 PhD students

  3. Competence in outdoor sensing • Wireless systems, low-latency data transmission • Customized sensors • Ruggedized equipment • Data management • Planning, installing, operating (years) large deployments

  4. Established: deployment sites A. Hasler

  5. Established: rock/ice temperature A. Hasler Aim: Understand temperatures in heterogeneous rock and ice • Measurements at several depths • Two-minute interval, autonomous for several years • Survive, buffer and flush periods without connectivity

  6. Established: crack dilatation Aim: To understand temperature/ice-conditioned rock kinematics • Temperature-compensated, commercial instrument • Auxiliary measurements (temperature, additional axes,…) • Two-minute interval, autonomous for several years • Protection against snow-load and rock fall

  7. Established: field site support • Base station • On-site data aggregation • Embedded Linux • Solar power system • Redundant connectivity • Local data buffer • Database synchronization • Cameras • PTZ webcam • High resolution imaging (D-SLR) • Weather station • Remote monitoring and control

  8. Established: long-haul WLAN Data access from weather radar on Klein Matterhorn (P. Burlando, ETHZ) Leased fiber/DSL from Zermatt Bergbahnen AG Commercial components (Mikrotik) Weatherproofed

  9. Work in Progress – Future Challenges

  10. New: acoustic emissions Aim: To understand the importance that ice-segregation, volume expansion and thermal cycling have on rock damage in natural conditions – to infer instability zones. • Continuous measurement, transmission of event statistics • Storage of raw traces • Auxiliary data (temperature, moisture, camera, … ) L. Girard

  11. New: slope movement S. Endrizzi / P. Limpach Aim: To understand cryosphere-related slope movements based on their temporal patterns of acceleration and deceleration. • Continuous GPS (years) • Daily fix (accuracy: few mm) • Auxiliary data (2 axis inclination, camera, temperatures, … ) • Several locations V. Wirz

  12. Next: high-resolution imaging Remote gigapixel panoramas as time-lapse movies 400’000-500’000 pixel (Nikon D300s @ 300mm)

  13. C1: Reliability – Predictability Algorithms and system components MUST be designed in a way that allow a deterministic result; even over a network ensemble with variable demand/resources.

  14. C2: Tomography/Performance Analysis Develop a set of tools/methods that allows to understand and learn from system behavior

  15. C3: Control of Complex Sensors Constant rate sampling with static configurations was relatively easy. Non-uniform rate sampling, variable resources & communication capabilities, multi-CPU architectures, disconnected operation…

  16. C4: Composition of Heterogeneous Systems We want to continue to scale and compose our systems from building block (with known properties)

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