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Fish Farming

Fish Farming. - Ankita Shrestha. Introduction. - The aquaculture production programme began in 1981/82 in Nepal with the execution of the Aquaculture Development Project supported by the Asian Development Bank and the United Nations Development Programme (MoAC, 2004 AD).

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Fish Farming

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  1. Fish Farming - Ankita Shrestha

  2. Introduction - The aquaculture production programme began in 1981/82 in Nepal with the execution of the Aquaculture Development Project supported by the Asian Development Bank and the United Nations Development Programme (MoAC, 2004 AD). - Some of the popular species of fishery are Chinese carps, Indian major carps, Common carp, Tilapia Rainbow trout and Pangasius. - Some of the major cities for fish farming are Mustang, Manang, Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Sindhupalchok, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Makwanpur, Dhading, Kavre, and Kaski

  3. Why Fishery? • Rich in water resource with more than 6000 rivers, fresh water resources suitable for fish farming in Nepal. • Rich in fish biodiversity with nearly 200 fish species available, of which around 190 are indigenous species and remaining are exotic species. • The Nepal Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP) has categorized fisheries and aquaculture in Nepal as a small but important and promising sub-sector of agriculture contributing about 2.47 percent of agricultural gross domestic product (AGDP, in 2008 AD). • In 2017 AD, Ease of doing business: 105, Competitive Index: 4.02 (rank 88), Corruption index: 31 (rank 122)

  4. Political Environment - Trade policies promoting exports and reducing trade imbalance - Government Stability - Less frequent Strikes - Government Subsidy of 50%

  5. Legal Environment • In 1956 AD Fisheries section was created to introduce Fisheries Development Program. In 1955-1966 AD about 6 government farms were established in the country. • Regulator: Department of Livestock Services under Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development • Directorate of Fisheries Development, Fishery Development Directorate, Central Fisheries Promotion and Conservation Center are some of the twelve technical directorates of Department of Agriculture mandated for aquaculture sector. • Agricultural products are exempt for the Inland Indirect Taxes like VAT and Excise Dutybut Income Tax rate 10%.

  6. Policies • Trade Policy, 2015 AD • National Agriculture Policy-2004 AD • राष्ट्रिय सीमसार नीति २०५९ Act • Industrial Enterprise Act, 2016 AD • Aquatic Animal Protection Act-1960 BS • Animal Health and Livestock Service Act, 2055 BS • Feed Act, 2033 BS • Labor Law, 2017 AD • Import Export (Control) Act, 1957 AD • Foreign Exchange Act, 1962 AD Regulation • Feed Regulation, 2041 BS • जलचर ठेक नियम - २०१९

  7. Economic Environment • HS Code: 0301 • In 2017 AD, Export amount: USD 4,000 Import amount: USD 7,980,000 • Growth by 30% in 2014/15 AD in last 5 years, however, in 2016/17, Growth rate of 6.86% with GDP contribution of 0.48. • In 2075-76 BS, Priority sector lending for ‘A’ class commercial banks has been fixed to 25%, agriculture holds 10% whereas, the amount of margin lending has been decreased from 40% of core capital to 20%.

  8. International Environment • Food and Agriculture Organization of UN 2016 supporting Fishery industry by implementing Sustainable Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda, Integrated aquatic governance approaches, Global Aquaculture Advancement Partnership • However, in Nepal, FDI not allowed in Fishery. • Agriculture Development fee of 5% is levied on import value on imported agricultural goods. However, export is generally free of custom duty.

  9. Socio-cultural Environment - It is customization product were the per capita consumption of fish has increased significantly from 0.330 kg per person per year in 1982 up to 1.753 kg in 2006 AD. - Fish considered as “Shagun” in some culture and accepted in every segment of the population. - Provides employment opportunity to uneducated people and raise their living standard. It is said to generate more than 10 times the income of rice.

  10. Environmental Environment • Some fish found to be contaminated with Manganese, Lead and Chromium and Mercury. If not taken seriously, this can be a public health issue anytime, and could impact the fishery industry. • Loss of habitat and their degradation are other major issues for sustainable fish farming in Nepal.

  11. Technological Environment • Lack of infrastructure (fingerling supply system, cold storage, technical knowledge) • In 1999 AD, 42% are purchased by wholesalers from contractors and distributed to retailers in major urban centers due to lack of proper communication networks.

  12. Conclusion • Growing demand of Fish with simultaneous decrease in production. • Lots of favorable rules and policies supporting fish farming. • Government allocate certain budget for training programs. • Supervision action to be taken to control hygiene.

  13. Reference http://www.fao.org/3/a-aj483e.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310082679_Fish_farming_in_Nepal_trends_opportunities_and_constraints http://dofd.gov.np/grants.php?id=1 https://www.agrilinks.org/sites/default/files/resource/files/Fish%20Production%20Systems%20in%20Nepal-Madhav.pdf https://nepaleconomicforum.org/neftake/key-highlights-of-monetary-policy-2075-76/ https://www.trademap.org/Index.aspx https://tradingeconomics.com/nepal/ease-of-doing-business http://therisingnepal.org.np/news/15320

  14. Thank You!!!

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