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Energy-from-Waste: Bridging the Gap between Infrastructure and Resources

Learn about the innovative Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) in Energy-from-Waste and how it can help in reducing waste and generating clean energy. Explore the opportunities and challenges in implementing anaerobic digestion and landfill gas recovery processes.

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Energy-from-Waste: Bridging the Gap between Infrastructure and Resources

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  1. NY Energy Week – Meet Up May 21, 2015 It’s not waste… until you waste it. “If you always do what you’ve always done, you’ll always get what you’ve always got” - Henry Ford

  2. Rebel is a company with a global perspective Rebel runs offices on 4 continents and its experts have been active in the development of infrastructure in more than 80 countries. Our core competence isbridging the gap between infrastructure needs and financial resources by focusing on developing innovative Public Private Partnerships (P3s).

  3. What is Energy-from-Waste? Energy from waste (or waste-to-energy) is the conversion of non-reusable, non-recyclable materials within the waste stream into electricity, steam, or other fuel through a variety of processes including combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery The aim of the Waste Hierarchy is to extract the maximum practical value from the waste stream while generating the minimum amount of waste

  4. Current EU vs US waste processing and disposal CEWEP, March 2014; Municipal waste treatment in 2012, Eurostat 2012 EPA, February 2014; Solid Waste and Emergency Response (5306P), EPA 2012

  5. The Netherlands is a leader in Energy-from-Waste

  6. Energy-from-waste is viewed as an integral component of maintaining the circular economy within the Netherlands • Rebel • has helped build, finance, and strategically advise some of the most advanced Energy-from-Waste facilities in the world • is assisting Amsterdam based AEB - the municipal operator of the largest EfW facility in the Netherlands and one of the largest in the world - to become a more durable energy and resource company • AfvalEnergieBedrijf • processes 1.4MM tons per year of post-recycled solid waste • generates enough energy to meet the electricity needs of over 160,00,000 households (40% of all households in Amsterdam) • recovers the heat generated during the combustion process to provide 15,000 households with steam heating and hot water • operates at over 30% efficiency

  7. AEB Amsterdam: energy-from-waste process

  8. Energy-from-Waste is an integral component of Smart City Amsterdam

  9. Energy-from-Waste (or waste-to-energy) in the US

  10. EfW capacity serves more densely populated areas with land at a premium

  11. Focus on New York State

  12. And in New York City? • The past is the past… • By 1960’s more than one third of NYC waste generated was being burned via 22 municipal incinerators and 2,500 on-site apartment incinerators • Last municipal incinerator shut down 1990; last apartment incinerator 1993 • Fresh Kills landfill on Staten Island closed in 2001 – at one time was largest landfill (and largest man-made structure in the world • Since 2001 and for the first time in city’s history, no place within five boroughs to burn or bury waste • In 2012 Bloomberg administration tried to site EfW facility on site of former Fresh Kills landfill – proposal killed in less than 30 days.

  13. So much garbage – but where does it all go? • NYC generates over 12,000 tons of garbage EVERY day! • (enough to fill Yankee Stadium 20 times a year) • NYC residents only recycle about 17% of generated waste – 50% of the national average • Where does it go? • A small portion goes to EfW facilities in Newark, NJ and Long Island • Vast majority is trucked or railed hundreds of miles away to landfills in upstate NY, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia. • At a cost to the city well in excess of $1.5B annually to pick up and dispose of residential and public trash • Over next several years, NYC is constructing four marine terminals which will transport waste from the five boroughs by barge to NJ where it will be loaded on trains and sent to existing EfW facilities in NJ, PA, and upstate NY • DeBlasio OneNYC plan (published April 2015): • ZERO waste to landfill by 2030

  14. Opportunity comes knocking • Biggest opportunity for landfill diversion is to capture the residual value in the waste stream before it gets landfilled • 33% of disposed NYC waste is food and other organics • In 2012, New York City spent over $85MM dollars exporting organic waste to out-of-state landfills. • When food waste degrades in landfill, it produces significant amounts of methane, a greenhouse gas roughly 21 times more potent than carbon dioxide. • Removing organic material from landfills not only reduces methane in the atmosphere, it also presents an opportunity to harness its positive value as a potential clean energy source via... • anaerobic digestion

  15. What is anaerobic digestion?

  16. Somebody needs to grab the door and open it • The City is taking steps to capture food waste from our residential and commercial waste stream on a voluntary, pilot basis. • Local Law 77 of 2013 – collecting source-separated organics on voluntary basis from 400 public schools and 100,000 households in four boroughs – 43 tons per day. • Approximately 15 TPD are being composted or mixed with wastewater sludge for anaerobic digestion in at Newtown WWTP on a pilot basis • BUT… because there is no large-scale processing capacity within reasonable radius of NYC, the balance is likely being hauled to landfill • capture the potential

  17. The potential is… energy • Using anaerobic digestion, 1 ton of NYC food and other organic waste has the potential to produce approximately 150-200 cubic meters of biogas • Assuming biogas with 60% methane concentration, energy content would be approx. 6.0 kwh per cubic meter – converted to electricity yields approx. 3.0 kwh (with balance of energy as useable waste heat) • NYC’s 4,000 tons per day of food and other organic waste has the potential to generate 1.8MM – 2.4MM kilowatt hours of green energy… • every single day.

  18. Anaerobic digestion (AD) with energy recovery must become an integral component of NYC’s onePLAN waste solution • AD is a net energy-producing process • A biogas facility generates high-quality renewable fuel (60-80% methane with CO2 balance) • Biogas is a rich source of electricity, heat, and transportation fuel (methane to CNG) • AD further reduces reliance on fossil fuels and energy imports • Localized AD facilities contribute to decentralized, distributed power systems • It’s not waste… until you waste it.

  19. no change without a Rebel IMG Rebel Jeff George Cell:    (845) 377-3970 Email: jgeorge@IMGRebel.com

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