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Transformational Design Model (TDM)

The Transformational Design Model (TDM) aids music therapy students and professors in avoiding weaknesses by providing a structured approach for setting diagnostic, functional goals, designing exercises, and translating interventions. The model emphasizes functional, purposeful music interventions tailored to individual needs. Goals must be observable, measurable, and achievable, impacting daily life in cognitive, affective, sensorimotor, behavioral/social, or physiological domains. Objectives are short-term steps towards long-term behavioral changes. The example illustrates how TDM supports clients with specific needs like improving communication or independent functioning.

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Transformational Design Model (TDM)

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  1. Transformational Design Model (TDM) • Developed to assist music therapy students and professors avoid two potential weaknesses. • an activity-based approach in which generic musical activities are adapted to therapeutic goals; • the use of therapeutic music techniques that address therapeutic goals very broadly and generally and are only weakly related to functional therapeutic outcomes.

  2. Transformational Design Model(TDM) • Diagnostic and functional assessment of the patient • Development of therapeutic goals/objectives • Design of functional, non-musical therapeutic exercises and stimuli • Translation of step 3 into functional, therapeutic music interventions • Transfer of therapeutic learning to “real-world” applications

  3. Goals and Objectives • Typically fall into one of five domains: • Cognitive • Affective • Sensorimotor • Behavioral/Social • Physiological

  4. Goals and Objectives • Need directional language, e.g.: • Client will increase ability to … • Client will decrease the number of …

  5. Goals and Objectives • Must be functionally relevant and impact the patient’s day to day life • Require 3 characteristics • Observable • Measurable • Attainable/Achievable

  6. Goals and Objectives • Goals ~ Long-term changes in behavior or functioning, e.g. • A. Increase client’s ability to ambulate independently or; • B. Increase client’s socialization skills • Objectives ~ Short-term changes in behavior/experience, e.g. • A. Increase client’s ability to ambulate with an assistive device or; • B. Increase client’s ability to initiate a conversation

  7. Goals and Objectives • Goals and objectives flow directly from a diagnostic and functional assessment of a client, e.g. a MVA client with a TBI presents with slurred speech and decreased UE ROM which may effect: • her ability to communicate and • to function independently. • Goals for this client then would be to: • Increase client’s ability to communicate and; • Increase client’s ability to independently perform ADL’s

  8. Objectives & Numerical Qualifiers • Objective ~ Client will increase ROM at the right elbow. • Client will increase ROM at the right elbow by 33% by April 21st, 2002. • Objective ~ Client will increase ability to ambulate independently. • Client will increase ability to ambulate independently for 30 feet by April 21st, 2002.

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