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State University of Medicine and Pharmacy „ Nicolae Testemiţanu ”, Republic of Moldova. The role of core modules in postgraduate training of public health specialists .
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State University of Medicine and Pharmacy „ NicolaeTestemiţanu ”, Republic of Moldova The role of core modules in postgraduate training of public health specialists
The basic principle of world medicine is to maintain and promote healthy human health and prophylaxis of diseases. This concept was put on the base of preparing doctors in the specialty of public health. At instruction of Public Health specialist were taken as a basis the WHO directives, the Law on State Supervision of Public Health (2009) National Health Policy (2007), Law on Education (1995), Law on Health Care (1995), National Programme for the promotion of a healthy way of life for 2007-2015 etc.
Postgraduate training of public health faculty graduates requires the achieving of skill level that would allow young doctors to address and resolve independently the most current workplace and intricate professional problems in public health at the sector, district, municipal center, republican level. Namely multilateral instruction after a new program approved in 2011 enabled the resident doctors get involved in solving problems of any kind arising in Public Health Centers at all levels.
Postgraduate training duration of two years provides for studies at the profile chairs of the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "NicolaeTestemitanu" and practical institutions: National Centre of Public Health, Municipal Center for Public Health Chisinau and some districts centers of public health.
Preparing a public health doctor requires not only preparing in basic specialties - environmental health, occupational health, nutrition and food safety, supervision and control of communicable diseases and the study of new disciplines to which they relate legal basis in public health, biostatistics, management and economy of public health system, public health urgencies and risks, public health and social work environment, non-communicable diseases surveillance, health promotion, informational technologies in public health, development and management of research projects.
The goal of the respective subjects is preparing a public health specialist, which would allow not only focus on various issues , but forming a deep professional thinking and decision-making based on their different specific situations, that may occur in the specialist working in the Public Health Centers or other institutions. An important objective is to obtain by the future specialist the practical skills required of those who will help them in conducting scientific work.
In the basic subjects we were able to develop knowledge and skillsin the field of public health surveillance in relation to environmental factors, of instruction, of living, occupational hygiene, in performing preventive and current supervision of the objectives. It was possible to accumulate and develop the theoretical and practical knowledge, training dexterities in health problems in relation to the environment
It was warned about the importance of collaboration of a public health specialist with specialists from various services, ministries, departments, institutions, local authorities and other structures interested in solving public health problems.
In the module Health promotion and health education have mastered the methods of organization, preparation, presentation and dissemination of promotional materials, maintaining and fortification health, social groups and communities. Something new for us, was learning how to perform a radio mounting, a video spot, how distribute accurate information on TV and radio.
The goals of the module Basics legislation in public health surveillancehas been accumulating the knowledge by future specialists on law norms (mandatory and permissive) and legal support of the state supervisory public health. I must be mentioned that this was a very welcome way but too short time to study.
In the module Management and economics in the health system were presented the main theoretical and practical aspects of the economy and the specific health system, a market economy, demand and supply of medical services medical institutions and economic elements of economic analysis.
Module Informational technologies in public health has allowed the obtaining by the future professionals of practical skills on concerning the use of the electronic system for surveillance of communicable diseases, public health events, electronic managing of the data, monitoring and coordination of the health system in the electronic system at territorial and national levels.
Since our state tends to an advanced level e-government this module is of major importance, the need of implementation since even over the period of university studies granting them more time to study, because they are shortcomings at this level.
Module Public Health Emergencies and Risk management has allowed us to obtain knowledge about the risks and dangers to public health, general principles of risk management and emergency public health problems in healthcare risk management.
In the module Public health and social of activity environment we were able to get acquainted with the social protection system in Moldova, the fundamental dimensions of social research, evaluation and methodology elements of social intervention, social services available for different categories of beneficiaries, various problem situations that we had to find solution etc.
Since the first year of our masters program would be welcome to be included module Basics surveillance of non-communicable diseases, where we’ll be able to accumulate knowledge in the methods of realization of non-communicable diseases surveillance, the main policies and existing problems within it. At the application level we could analyze the real situation on the incidence, prevalence, prevention and control of non-communicable diseases.
