BELLWORK

1. BELLWORK • SEE ME ABOUT YOUR NEW SEAT!  • What is a tariff? • What is a turnpike? • If you were living in 1849, would you have participated in the Gold Rush? Explain. • What is temperance? Why did people support this idea? • THINKER: In political elections, how important is image and experience? What makes a good presidential candidate?

2. Bellwork • Why was the Spinning and Weaving Machine important? • Why were German and Irish immigrants migrating to America? • What is a turnpike? • Why was the Erie Canal important to the U.S. Economy? • What is a tariff? • THINKER: In political elections, how important is image and experience? What makes a good presidential candidate?

3. Carousel Brainstorming This is a strategy used to categorize important events/people/items into specific sectors. It will help you memorize and brainstorm items from each topic.

4. Carousel Brainstorming How it works: You will be divided into 8 teams. Each team is given a specific color Everyone will go to the board and start in one station. At this station, you will write and describe anything you know about the topic. At the end of a minute, you will rotate stations, while keeping your own color. Everyone in your group must write at one station

5. Election of 1824 • After 23 years in control, the Democratic-Republican party was split. • The party had four candidates: • John Q. Adams (son of 2nd president, supported by President Monroe) • Henry Clay (popular among the “new West”) • William Crawford (supported by Congress) • Andrew Jackson (supported in the West and South) • Jackson was the least experienced, but worked his way up society and appealed to the “common folk”

6. Election of 1824 • Jackson won the most popular votes, but no candidate had a majority of electoral votes. • The election was turned over to the House of Representatives. • Henry Clay (Speaker of the House) turned his support to Adams. • After the votes, Adams won, and immediately named Clay Secretary of State. • Jackson believed this was a “corrupt bargain” and this election divided the party forever. • Republicans: supporters of Adams and Clay • Democrats: supporters of Jackson

10. There’s Something About Little Johnny… • Nickname: Accidental President • Had no personal skills • Loved to skinny dip in the Potomac River

11. Election of 1828 • Four years later, the election was once again between Adams and Jackson. • Americans were asked to chose between “John Adams who can write, and Andrew Jackson who can fight!” • Three times as many people voted in 1828, and Jackson claimed the title of President. • Jackson enacted the spoils system: replacing Adams’ government workers with his own supporters.

14. There’s Something About Andy… • Nickname: Old Hickory • Fought over 100 duels, getting shot in the chest once, and then calmly killed his opponent

15. The Bank Crisis • The U.S. Bank had a lot of influence over Congress and the nation’s economy. • To Jackson, the bank was unconstitutional, corrupt, and only represented the rich. • Henry Clay planned to strengthen the bank and embarrass the President by drafting a new plan for the bank. • Clay predicted Jackson would not veto the bill in an election year.

16. The Bank Crisis • Jackson saw this as an attack: • “The Bank is trying to kill me ……..but I will kill the Bank!” • Jackson vetoed the bill and made it a central fight in his reelection campaign. • “When the laws make the rich richer, the humble members of society – farmers, mechanics, and laborers – have a right to complain.” • Many citizens agreed, and Jackson beat Henry Clay in the election of 1832.

18. The Whig Party • While Jackson remained popular, he also made many political enemies. • Whig Party: new political party joined together by people who opposed Jackson; such as, Henry Clay, the U.S. Bank, and wealthy businessmen. • The Whig candidate, William Harrison, became President in 1840, ending Jacksonian ideas.

21. CLOSURE • IN YOUR OWN WORDS, describe the election of 1824. • What is the spoils system? • What was the bank crisis? What did this do to Jackson’s popularity? • What was the Whig party?

22. Debate – Was Jackson a good President? • Andrew Jackson’s presidency has been a constant debate throughout history. • As a class, we are going to debate whether Jackson was a good or bad President? Why or Why Not? • The class will be split up into six groups. • Three are PRO Jackson and three are ANTI Jackson. • Choose a spokesperson • In your groups, write a speech that includes the following:

23. Speech Outline • Intro • Hook (Grab the audience’s attention) • Thesis • Body (three arguments) • Middle • Weakest • Strongest • Closing • Summarize • Lasting Impression

24. Andrew Jackson Debate • Everyone in the group is helping to write the speech. • The rest of the group needs to have questions ready to ask the other side. • In order to be a good debater, you need to understand both sides (Why he is good and why he is bad) • Some of your questions might be answered during the speech, but it might spark other questions too – write down any questions you have. • Each person will turn in 3-5 questions they want to ask the other side. This will be turned in for credit! • Both sides are going to present their arguments before the floor is open for questioning. • Everyone is getting participation points for the day – you must speak, ask a question, or respond to a comment to receive those points.

25. Andrew Jackson Debate • GOOD: Ended power of the U.S. bank, gave more power to lower classes in society, stopped corruption in government. • BAD: Went against Congress to authorize the largest removal of Native Americans in history, put his supporters in power