TOOL5100-CSCL Presentation of 2 papers by Jan Are Otnes

1. TOOL5100-CSCLPresentation of 2 papersby Jan Are Otnes Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modelling Features and Potential Use 2. March 2006

2. Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building • Abstract/Introduction • A Diagram of Personal and Social Knowledge-Building • Opportunities for Computer Support • The Idea of a Computer System to Support the Knowledge-Building Process • Conclusion Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

3. Abstract/Introduction • The paper present a model of learning as a social process • Individual minds in relation to socio-cultural • Framework for the design of CSCL-SW (KBE) • 5 theories of learning (Koschmann) • The paper incorporating insights from these theories/philosophies • Multiple phases constitute a cycle => increasingly complex questions to be posed Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

4. A Diagram of Personal and Social Knowledge-Building Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

5. Opportunities for Computer Support Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

6. The Idea of a Computer System to Support the Knowledge-Building Process(1) • A KBE should: • go beyond a single-purpose system • retain a record of the knowledge that was built up • And it should therefore probably be: • “built on asynchronous, persistent collaborative technologies and be deployed on the Internet as a Web-based environment” Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

7. The Idea of a Computer System to Support the Knowledge-Building Process(2) • A KBE should: • Support several lifecycle phases • Help people express their beliefs, discuss them with others, negotiate shared understandings + + + • Provide facilities like searching, browsing, filtering +++ • Significant difficulties but their potential advantages seem extraordinary! Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

8. Conclusion • “The process model of knowledge-building presented in this paper provides a conceptual framework for the design, use and assessment of such systems” • “KBEs have the potential to provide computationally-supported communication media to facilitate this process that forms a centerpiece of the learning sciences.” Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

9. Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use • Introduction • Part one • Investigating the capacity of IMS LD for formalizing Collaborative Learning Scripts • An approach to formalize CSCL Scripts • CSCL script authoring tools • Part two • Potential uses and system support of CSCL scripts • Conclusions and future work Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

10. Introduction(1) • Collaboration script is a set of instructions specifying how the group members should interact and collaborate to solve a problem. O’Donnell & Dansereau(1992) • Internal or external representations • A CSCL-script is a computational representation of a collaborative script • A general modelling language for formalising collaboration scripts is missing. • No tool for CSCL practitioners to create, reuse, integrate, and customize CSCL scripts. Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

11. Introduction(2) • Existing learning process modelling language IMS-LD provides insufficient support to model group-based, synchronous collaborative learning activities. • Some attempts have been done to extend IMS-LD, but still no good solutions. • The aim for the research work presented in this paper is to develop a scripting language for formalising CSCL scripts and exploring their potential types of usage and system support possibilities Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

12. Investigating the capacity of IMS LD for formalizing Collaborative Learning Scripts • Maze script, strategies how to escape • Major difficulties and challenges in modelling: • Groups • Artefacts • Dynamic features • Complicated control flow • Varied forms of social interaction Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

13. An approach to formalize CSCL ScriptsCSCL Scripting language Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

14. An approach to formalize CSCL ScriptsSolution • Explicitly introducing groups • Explicitly introducing artefacts • Extending actions and expressions • Introducing transitions and routing activities • Using activity-centred methods to assign roles Stahl (2000): A Model of Collaborative Knowledge-Building

15. CSCL script authoring tools Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

16. Potential uses and system support of CSCL scripts • System as Editor/Viewer • Syntactical mapping to a visual/conceptual representation • Presentation of models in multiple perspective • Procedural/Temporal • Artefacts • Roles • Individual/Group • Model-based prediction • Simulation • Static configuration of the learning environment • Monitoring of the learning flow • Model-based scaffolding Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

17. Conclusions and future work • Stated five major limitations in IMS LD when formalising CSCL scripts • Suggested a scripting language for CSCL based on this, where these limitations are solved • Discussed potential usages of CSCL scripts and possibilities of system support • Developed two script authoring tools, based on the CSCL scripting language • Currently focusing on testing the modelling capacity, real experiments will be conducted • Will develop an integrated environment later on. Miao et al. (2005): CSCL Scripts –Modeling Features and Potential Use

18. Questions?