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468/7-467/6: Eurymedon River ( Thuc . 1.100)

468/7-467/6: Eurymedon River ( Thuc . 1.100). Eurymedon River. Greek red-figure vase, ca. 465 BCE. “I am Eurymedon ” “I stand bent over”. 465/4: Ennea Hodoi ( Amphipolis ), Thrace; Thasos ( Thuc . 1.100). THRACE. Strymon River. Eion.

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468/7-467/6: Eurymedon River ( Thuc . 1.100)

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  1. 468/7-467/6: EurymedonRiver (Thuc. 1.100) Eurymedon River

  2. Greek red-figure vase, ca. 465 BCE “I am Eurymedon” “I stand bent over”

  3. 465/4: EnneaHodoi (Amphipolis), Thrace; Thasos (Thuc. 1.100) THRACE Strymon River Eion

  4. 465/4-459/8: Mt. Ithome, Messenia, Argos, Naupactos (Thuc. 1.101-103) THESSALY Naupactus Mt. Ithome

  5. Perikles son of Xanthippos495-429 BCE The archaeological, kinship and literary evidence

  6. The archaeological evidence One of two ostraka: date unknownΠΕΡΙΚΛΕΣ ΧΣΑΝΘΙΠΠΟ Περικλῆς ΞανθίππουPerikles XanthippoυPerikles son of Xanthippos Roman statue bust of “Perikles”British MuseumBased on a 5th C. BCE bronze statue by Cresilas of Crete Statue base, Athenian Acropolis, Inscriptiones Graecae 13 884:[- - - - -]ικλέος.[Κρεσ]ίλας ἐποίε.[- - - - -]ikleos. [Kres]ilas epoie. “[Xanthippus / Perikles] son of [Per]ikles [dedicated] (this statue of Athena). [Cres]ilas sculpted it.” “On the Athenian Acropolis is a statue of Perikles, the son of Xanthippus, and one of Xanthippus himself, who fought against the Persians at the naval battle of Mycale” (Pausanias 1.25, 2nd c. CE)

  7. The kinship of Perikles(Hdt. 6.131; 9.114, 120-121)What is the significance of his family connections? “… Agariste [daughter of Hippokrates], being with child, saw a vision in her sleep – she imagined that she bore a lion. And a few days later she produced Perikles for Xanthippos” (Hdt. 6.131). “… the Athenians, with Xanthippus their general … crossed over to the Chersonesus and laid siege to Sestos … they sailed away to Hellas, carrying with them the cables of the bridges to be dedicated in their temples” (Hdt. 9.114, 120-1; see Thuc. 1.89). = = = =

  8. The educated Perikles, 495-472 (Plut. Per.) What kind of picture emerges of the education of Perikles? music, poetry and meter by Damon natural philosophy, dialectic by Zeno the Eleatic mind (νοῦς) as the principle of νόμος, κόσμος; composure, serenity, dignity; knowledge over superstition, by Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, Ionia

  9. The political Perikles, 472/1-431/0 (Thuc.; Ath. Pol. 26-28 = Tracy 21-22; Plut. Per.) What kind of picture emerges of the political career of Perikles? choregos for Persians, 472/1 charged Kimon with malfeasance over revolt of Thasos, 465/4 worked with Ephialtes against Areopagus, 462/1 (AP 25.2) contributed (?) to Kimon’s ostracism, 462/1 (Plut. Cim. 17) assassination of Ephialtes, 462/1 (AP 25.4; Plut. Per. 9) pay for jurors, sortition for offices, subsidies for festivals ca. 461-455 moved the Delian League treasury to Athens, 454 restricted citizenship to children of Athenian citizens, 451 Congress Decree, 448/7 Parthenon (447-432), Propylaea (437-432), Telesterion, Odeon led “popular” faction vs. “aristocratic” faction of Thucydides son of Melesias (the latter ostracized, 444/3) elected strategos every year ca. 455-431/0

  10. The strategosPerikles, 462/1-432/1 (Thuc.; Ath. Pol. 26-28 = Tracy 21-22; Plut. Per.)What kind of picture emerges of the military career of Perikles? led expeditions and/or planted cleruchies vs. Pegae – Sicyon – Acarnania, 455/4 or 454/3 Andros, Chersonese, Naxos, 450/49-448/7 Phocis to free Delphi from Sparta (Sacred War), 448/7 Thurii in Italy (Panhellenic colony), 443 Black Sea, 436 staved off invasion of Attica by Sparta by bribing King Pleistonax and strategosCleandridas, 448-6 suppressed revolts on Megara, Euboea, 446 Samos (with Sophocles), 440/39

  11. The literary Perikles(Plutarch Perikles) Plutarch expounds extensively on the character of Perikles. What are some of the key personality traits that Plutarch highlights and how do they connect to, and explain, his political career? What was the quality of leadership Perikles offered the Athenians, and how did it differ from that of Themistokles, Aristides and Kimon?

  12. 459/8: Cyprus, Memphis (Thuc. 1.104) Eurymedon River  LIBYA  EGYPT Pharos Memphis

  13. DORIS OPUNTIAN LOCRIS PHOCIS PHOCIS Delphi Tanagra BOEOTIA Oenophyta Thebes Corinthian Gulf Crissaean Gulf Pegae Sicyon Megara Athens Isthmus Corinth 459/8-451/0: 1st Peloponnesian War (Thuc. 1.105-6): Haliae, Corinth, Epidauros, Aegina, Megara, Corinthian coast, Sikyon (casualty list of Erechtheid tribe, D&G 12.14) Cecryphalia Aegina Epidauros Saronic Gulf Argos Haliae Sparta

  14. 459/8 (or as early as 461/0): Long Walls, Athens (Thuc. 1.107)

  15. DORIS OPUNTIAN LOCRIS PHOCIS PHOCIS Delphi Tanagra BOEOTIA Oenophyta Thebes Corinthian Gulf Crissaean Gulf Pegae Sicyon Megara Athens Isthmus Corinth 459/8-458/7: Battles of Tanagra and Oenophyta (Thuc. 1.107-8) Aegina Epidauros Saronic Gulf Sparta

  16. 455/4: Egypt (Thuc. 1.109-10)  LIBYA  EGYPT Pharos Memphis

  17. 455/4: Delian League funds transferred to Athens (Plut. Per. 12, not Thuc.)

  18. DORIS OPUNTIAN LOCRIS PHOCIS PHOCIS Delphi Acarnania Tanagra BOEOTIA Oenophyta Thebes Corinthian Gulf Crissaean Gulf Pegae Sicyon Megara Athens Isthmus Corinth 453/2: Pericles from Pegae vs. Sicyon, Acarnania(Thuc. 1.111) Aegina Epidauros Saronic Gulf Sparta

  19. 452/1-451/0 • Recall of Cimon from exile • Athenian law on citizenship • Peace between Sparta and Argos • Peace between Sparta and Athens (Thuc. 1.112)

  20. 450/49: Cyprus, Egypt; d. of Kimon (Thuc. 1.112); Peace of Kallias(Thuc. Cim. 13)  LIBYA  EGYPT Pharos Memphis

  21. DORIS OPUNTIAN LOCRIS PHOCIS PHOCIS Delphi Orchomenos Chaeronea Tanagra BOEOTIA Oenophyta Coronaea Thebes Corinthian Gulf Crissaean Gulf Pegae Sicyon Megara Athens Isthmus Corinth 450/49-447/6: Delphi (Sacred War); Boeotia (Thuc. 1.113) Aegina Epidauros Saronic Gulf Sparta

  22. 447/6-446/5: Euboea, Megara revolt (Thuc. 1.114) Histiaea Nisaea Eleusis

  23. Samian War, 440/39 BCE (Thuc. 1.115-7; Plut. Per. 24-28: nine-month siege) Lesbos Chios Priene CARIA Caunus

  24. Sophokles’ AntigoneCan you detect any trace of Perikles in … • Kreon? • Antigone? • Haimon? • Chorus? or …none of these at all?

  25. Sophokles son of Sophillos • 496-406 BCE, son of wealthy arms-maker • led chorus in singing of paean after Salamis at 16 • 123 plays, 7 extant; 1st victory ca. 470 BCE • added 3rd actor  character development + skenographia • 24 1st place, 6 2nd place, and never came in 3rd place • served as hellenotamias (League treasurer) in 443/2 • elected strategos with Perikles in 441/0 due to Antigone (?)

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