The Other Ride of Paul Revere: Brokerage Role in the Making of the American Revolution

2. The Other Ride of Paul Revere:Brokerage Rolein the Making of the American Revolution Shin-Kap Han

9. The Other Ride of Paul Revere:Brokerage Rolein the Making of the American Revolution • Question • Issues – Historical and Sociological • Data – Membership Networks • Findings • Summary and Conclusion

10. Folklorevs. History

11. Midnight Ride of Paul Revere (1931) by Grant WoodMetropolitan Museum of Art, New York

13. Folklore vs.History (???) “an uncanny genius for being at the center of events” (Fischer 1994)

15. Sociological Framing

16. Sociological Framing

17. The Black Box

18. A Historiographical Blind Spot?A Sociological Black Box? What was his real importance? What was the nature of the role he played?

19. The Other Ride • Revere’s role in the mobilization process of the Revolutionary movement from a social structural perspective

22. The Other Ride • Revere’s role in the mobilization process of the Revolutionary movement from a social structural perspective • Spanned various social chasms and connected disparate organizational elements • A bridge par excellence across the “structural holes”

23. The Mechanism

24. Issues:Brokerage • A process “by which intermediary actors facilitate transactions between other actors lacking access to or trust in one another” (Marsden 1982)

25. “Commissions” (Marsden) “Tertius Gaudens” (Burt) “Tariff” (Boissevain) His was pro bono. Issues: Incentives in Brokerage

26. “Commissions” (Marsden) “Tertius Gaudens” (Burt) “Tariff” (Boissevain) His was pro bono. Interest in keeping the holes from being closed up He filled the holes. Issues: Incentives in Brokerage

27. “Commissions” (Marsden) “Tertius Gaudens” (Burt) “Tariff” (Boissevain) His was pro bono. Interest in keeping the holes from being closed up He filled the holes. Issues: Incentives in Brokerage Competitive Setting Non-Competitive Setting

28. Issues:Brokerage and Mobilization • A process “by which intermediary actors facilitate transactions between other actors lacking access to or trust in one another” (Marsden 1982) • “bridge-and-cluster” structure • “weakly coupled” structure

32. Issues: Brokerage and Mobilization • Structural problems inherent in any large-scale mobilization process ― Mobilizing “men of all orders” • Levels – “multiorganizational fields” (i.e., networks of organizations) • Multiplexity – overlaps and intersections

33. Issues: Brokerage and Mobilization • Structural problems inherent in any large-scale mobilization process ― Mobilizing “men of all orders” • Levels – “multiorganizational fields” (i.e., networks of organizations) • Multiplexity – overlaps and intersections

34. Issues: Brokerage and Mobilization • Structural problems inherent in any large-scale mobilization process ― Mobilizing “men of all orders” • Levels – “multiorganizational fields” (i.e., networks of organizations) • Multiplexity – overlaps and intersections

35. Issues:Late 18th Century British American Colonies • Fault lines • “Tories, true blue, and the timid” • “The better sort and the lower sort” • Militia and crowd • Organizational infrastructure: Diffuse alliances In the middle of it all was Revere, as a communicator, coordinator, and organizer.

36. Issues:Late 18th Century British American Colonies • Fault lines • “Tories, true blue, and the timid” • “The better sort and the lower sort” • Militia and crowd • Organizational infrastructure: Diffuse alliances In the middle of it all was Revere, as a communicator, coordinator, and organizer.

37. Issues:Late 18th Century British American Colonies • Fault lines • “Tories, true blue, and the timid” • “The better sort and the lower sort” • Militia and crowd • Organizational infrastructure: Diffuse alliances In the middle of it all was Revere, as a communicator, coordinator, and organizer.

38. Data (1994. Oxford University Press)

39. Membership List of Five Whig Groups

40. 2-Mode (Affiliation) Network Data Matrix Operations A (P-by-G) AT (G-by-P) A(AT) = P-by-P AT(A) = G-by-G

41. Findings, I Linkages Between Organizations and Their Members

44. Findings, II Revere’s Place

45. Distribution of Centrality Scores

46. Network Structure of the Revolutionary Movement in Boston: All (Density = .725)

47. Network Structure of the Revolutionary Movement in Boston: All (Density = .725)

48. Network Structure of the Revolutionary Movement in Boston: W/O 2 (D = .500)

49. Changes (%) in Average Path Distance

50. Findings, III Linkages Across Social Divides