African Genocide

1. African Genocide Case study of Sudan

2. Do Now • Using any background knowledge you have answer the questions on the genocide pre-test. • Fill in every question!

3. Learning Target • Explain what genocide is • Identify genocides in the 20th century • Explain key developments in Sudan’s history that lead to the genocide in Darfur • Evaluate the responsibility of the United States in responding to and preventing genocides

4. What is genocide? • Killing? • Segregation? • Terrorism? • Discrimination? • Where on a spectrum of violence does genocide fall?

5. The land of Red and blue people • A: Red people spitting on blue people because they are blue • B: Red people calling blue people derogatory names because they are blue • C: Beating up a random blue person walking down the street because they are blue • D: Passing a law to prevent all blue people from getting jobs that red people could do • E: Ransacking a neighborhood, breaking windows of houses and painting graffiti on blue peoples’ houses • F: Killing a blue family because they are blue • G: Rounding up and taking all blue people to a school yard and killing them Spectrum of Violence Least Most

6. What is genocide • According to the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (New York, 1948) • Any act committed with the idea of destroying in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group • Killing members of the group • Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group • Deliberately inflicting conditions calculated to physically destroy the group (the whole group or even part of the group) • Forcefully transferring children of the group to another group • Systematicextermination of a group of people on the basis of their ethnicity, religion, or other defining characteristic GenosTribe CideKill

7. Discrimination • “Treating people differently through prejudice: unfair treatment of one person or group, usually because of prejudice about race, ethnicity, age, religion, or gender • Ability to notice and value quality: the ability to appreciate good quality or taste • Awareness of subtle differentiation: the ability to notice subtle differences” (curiously Bing dictionary) • How is discrimination different from genocide?

8. UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide • Followed the Holocaust (more than six million Jews were killed) • Any country who signed can ask the UN to take appropriate action to prevent or stop acts of genocide. • Going to trial • Can be held on trial in a “competent court” where the act was committed • An international court with appropriate jurisdiction • All signed countries have a duty to "prevent and to punish" genocide

9. Which is Genocide • A: Red people spitting on blue people because they are blue • B: Red people calling blue people derogatory names because they are blue • C: Beating up a random blue person walking down the street because they are blue • D: Passing a law to prevent all blue people from getting jobs that red people could do • E: Ransacking a neighborhood, breaking windows of houses and painting graffiti on blue peoples’ houses • F: Killing a blue family because they are blue • G: Rounding up and taking all blue people to a school yard and killing them

10. What are some famous genocides of the 20th c. • Holocaust • Armenia • Cambodia • Bosnia • Rwanda • Darfur • Chechnya • Congo • Ukraine

11. Problems with the definition of genocide • Too narrow • The convention excludes targeted political and social groups • The definition is limited to direct acts against people, and excludes acts against the environment which sustains people or their culture • Proving intention beyond reasonable doubt is hard • UN member states are hesitant to single out other members or intervene (ex. Rwanda ) • There is no body of international law to clarify • How many deaths equal genocide (measuring and defining) • Devalued

12. Exit Ticket • On the back of your pretest revise your answer to “what is genocide” • On the back of your pretest revise your answer to “what is discrimination”

13. Learning Target • Explain what genocide is • Identify genocides in the 20th century • Explain key developments in Sudan’s history that lead to the genocide in Darfur • Evaluate the responsibility of the United States in responding to and preventing genocides specifically those in Africa

14. Background information Instructions: • Read and highlight the article on the background of conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan. • Look for information on the causes of the conflict, the details of the conflict, response, and current status. • Fill this information into the graphic organizer

15. Jigsaw • Count off by five • Read and highlight the article on the conflict in Darfur assigned to your group • Use the information in your article to fill out your graphic organizer • Reorganize to complete your graphic organizer.

16. Learning Target • Identify African genocides in the 20thand 21st century • Explain the history that lead to one African genocide. • Describe the progress that has been made towards resolving one African genocide. • Evaluate the responsibility of the United States in responding to and preventing genocides specifically those in Africa The Big One!

17. Sources to Check Out • The BBC • African Union • Genocide Watch