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Electrical Energy and Capacitance

Electrical Energy and Capacitance. Chapter 18. Electrical Potential Energy. Electrical Potential Energy - potential energy associated with an object due to its position relative to a source of electric force. Electrical Potential Energy. Electrical Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field.

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Electrical Energy and Capacitance

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  1. Electrical Energy and Capacitance Chapter 18

  2. Electrical Potential Energy • Electrical Potential Energy - potential energy associated with an object due to its position relative to a source of electric force.

  3. Electrical Potential Energy • Electrical Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field

  4. Electrical Potential Energy • Electrical Potential Energy for a Pair of Charges

  5. Potential DifferenceSection 18-2 • Electric Potential – at any point in an E-field is the potential energy of a test charge at that location divided by the value of that test charge.

  6. Potential Difference • Potential Difference – the change in electrical potential energy associated with a charged particle divided by the charge of the particle.

  7. Potential Difference • Potential Difference in a Uniform Electric Field

  8. Potential Difference • Potential Difference between an infinite distance and some location near a point charge

  9. ProblemsSection 18-2 • Two large, charged parallel plates are 4.0 cm apart. The magnitude of the electric field between them is 625 N/C. a) What is the potential difference between the plates? b) What work is done moving a charge equal to that of one electron from one plate to another?

  10. ProblemsSection 18-2 • A voltmeter measures the potential difference between two large parallel plates to be 60.0 V. The plates are 3.0 cm apart. What is the magnitude of the electric field between them?

  11. ProblemsSection 18-2 • The electric field intensity between two large, charged, parallel metal plates is 8000 N/C. The plates are 0.05 m apart. What is the potential difference between them?

  12. ProblemsSection 18-2 • A voltmeter reads 500 V when placed across two charged, parallel plates. The plates are 0.020 m apart. What is the electric field between them?

  13. ProblemsSection 18-2 • What potential difference is applied to two metal plates 0.500 m apart if the electric field between them is 2500 N/C?

  14. ProblemsSection 18-2 • What work is done when 5.0 C is raised in potential by 1.5 V?

  15. ProblemsSection 18-2 • Using a zero reference potential at infinity, determine the amount by which a point charge of 4.0 x 10-8 C alters the electric potential at a spot 1.2 m away when the charge is (a) positive and (b) negative.

  16. ProblemsSection 18-2 • At locations A and B in the figure, find the total electric potential due to the two point charges.

  17. CapacitanceSection 18-3 • Capacitance – the ability of a conductor to store energy in the form of electrically separated charges.

  18. CapacitanceSection 18-3 • Capacitance for a Parallel-Plate Capacitor

  19. CapacitanceSection 18-3 • Electrical Potential Energy stored in a charged capacitor

  20. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 1. (a) How much charge is on each plate of a 4.00 µF capacitor when it is connected to a 12.0 V battery? (b) If the same capacitor is connected to a 1.50 V battery, what charge is stored?

  21. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 2. A parallel-plate capacitor has an area A = 2.00 x 10-4 m2 and a plate separation d = 1.00 mm. Find the capacitance.

  22. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 3. If the voltage on a capacitor doubles, the amount of charge that can be stored by that capacitor __________. • A. doubles • B. is halved • C. is quadrupled • D. is unchanged • E. None of these

  23. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 4. How much charge is stored by a 1.5 µF capacitor when 1.0 V is maintained across its terminals? • A. 1.0 µC • B. 0.67 MC • C. 1.0 µF • D. 1.5 x 10-6 C • E. none of these

  24. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 5. How might you double the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor? • A. double the area and the separation • B. double the area and halve the separation • C. double either the dielectric constant, or the area, or halve the separation • D. double either the dielectric constant, the area or the separation • E. none of these

  25. ProblemsSection 18-3 • 6. How much energy is stored in a 3.0 µF capacitor when it is placed across the terminals of a 12 V battery? • A. 4.3 x 10-4 J • B. 1.8 x 10-5 J • C. 24 x 106 J • D. 2.2 x 10-4 J • E. none of these

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