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Practical Experiences in Waste Management: The Example of IMOG

This presentation explores the waste management practices of IMOG, an intermunicipal organization in Flanders. Topics covered include incineration, landfilling, composting, waste collection, communication, results, and financing.

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Practical Experiences in Waste Management: The Example of IMOG

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  1. Practical experiences in waste management in Flanders: the example of “IMOG”RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007 Christof Delatter Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities (Vereniging van Vlaamse Steden en Gemeenten – VVSG) www.vvsg.be Tel. +32 2 211.55.99 E-mail: christof.delatter@vvsg.be

  2. This presentation • What is IMOG? • Incineration • Landfilling • Composting • Collection of waste • Communication • Results • Financing • Conclusions

  3. What is IMOG? (1)

  4. What is IMOG? (2) • Intermunicipal organisation • Founded in 1969 • 11 municipalities (no private shareholders): municipalities transfer their competences on waste management to the intermunicipal organisation • 230.000 inhabitants • First activity: incineration of waste: started in 1977 (staff of 9) • Also take care of waste, comparable to household waste, coming from local SME’s, comparable to household waste • New activities over the years: landfilling of waste, civic amenity sites, composting, organizing separate collection (now: 160 people working for IMOG, no own collection)

  5. Waste incineration at IMOG (1)

  6. Waste incineration at IMOG (2) • Incineration at the start : reduction of volume • 65.000 tonnes/year • 100 m³ waste = 10 m³ ashes (landfill) • 100 kg waste = 20 kg ashes, 3 kg metals • 1985: start of energy recovery • 2 kg of waste = 1kWhe • Boiler • Turbine alternator • Electricity • No external heat recovery because of local circumstances • 1990: battle against emissions • Dust, heavy metals, acids • 1995: dioxines, NOx

  7. Waste incineration at IMOG (3) • 2005: efficiency • Industrial • Energy • Today: • Full respect of EU-norms and regulation (waste incineration directive) • Dioxins: continuous sampling measurements: actual emission = 0,001 ng/Nm³ • Energy production out of non recyclable waste at low or zero-emissions conditions • 41% is renewable energy • No dispute about the plant

  8. Waste incineration at IMOG (4) • Investments Total investment: 35.000.000 €

  9. Waste incineration at IMOG (5) • Operating costs incineration: • 1977: 12,5 € / tonne • 2007: 118 € / tonne + 7 € / tonne environmental tax • Operating costs landfilling • 1977: 6-10 € / tonne • 2007: 50 € / tonne + 75 € / tonne environmental tax

  10. Landfilling at IMOG • Landfilling remains a necessity • Ashes from waste incineration • Some industrial waste streams • Challenges: polluted soil, sludge

  11. Composting of garden waste at IMOG • Reasons to start: • Cheaper than landfilling or incineration • Diverting organic waste from the landfill • Compost is a perfect product • Started with open windrow composting • 6 months ; odours ; unpredictable quality • Now oxigen-air-activated under gore-membrane • 3 months ; no more odours ; perfect quality

  12. Civic amenity sites (1) • 1985: Garden waste, bulky waste, construction and demolition waste, paper, metals, frying-oils, motoroils • 1 / 18.000 inh.

  13. Civic amenity sites (2) • Now more than 30 different waste streams…

  14. Civic amenity sites (3)

  15. Doorstep collection • 1970: • Household waste: weekly • Bulky waste: once a year • Since 1996 • Household waste: once a week in obligatory municipal waste bag • Garden waste: voluntary service once every two weeks (specific payment) • Bulky waste: once a year for free, but monthly extra service is possible on payment of specific fee • Packaging waste (PMD): once every two weeks (financed by producers of packaging) • Paper and cardboard: once every two weeks (30% financed by producers of packaging) • Combined with bottle banks in the streets for glass (colour separated): approx. 1/1.000 inhabitants

  16. Sorting and recycling • Over the years, IMOG experienced that sorting at source is the best choice ! • Many people = many hands • Good communication leads to raised awareness, people accept that they have to sort waste and deliver good quality • Good quality is important on the market for recyclables • Sorting after mixed collection: bad quality, low quantities

  17. Communication (1) • Timing • Communication before acting = information • Communication after acting = discussion • Actors • Inhabitants • Politicians • Personnel • Students, young people, schools, …. • Instruments • On speaking terms • Own publications and press, website • Specific billboards (incineration)

  18. Communication (2) • Timing • Again and again • A never ending story!! • How to create support? • Open-doors-policy: 5.000 visitors each year • Combine communication with optimal services • Say what you do, do what you say

  19. Results (1) Flanders household waste management

  20. Results (2)

  21. Financing (1) Industries with Take-back responsibilities Citizens Municipalities and intermunicipal organizations Companies for collection and recycling/treatment of waste Waste treatment plants (often intermunicipal) Flemish region

  22. Financing (2) • Average total cost in Flanders for collection and treatment of household waste: • Approx. 90 € / inh / year (= 222 € / hhd / y) • Financed partly by producers, for waste streams with producer responsibility (packaging waste, WEEE) • Costs IMOG are below the Flemish average • No collection of organic kitchen waste • Some income from treatment of industrial waste

  23. Financing (3) • Municipalities finance IMOG: • Approx. 54 € / inh / year (= 131 € / hhd / y) • Distributed on basis of number of inhabitants, amount of waste produced, real collection costs ; small part of cost is shared between municipalities • Households in Flanders pay to municipalities • Partly through general municipal taxes/budget • Fixed household waste tax: on average 60 € / hhd / y • Fees for collection: • Household waste bag: 1,25 €/bag or 0,16 €/kg • Garden waste: 1,5 €/container or 0,08 €/kg

  24. Lessons learned at IMOG (1) • Waste is investment • Waste is some risk • Waste management needs the right technology, good organisation and public control • Proven technology is available, but there is also bad technology on the market… • Priorities  technologies  actors

  25. Lessons learned at IMOG (2) • Waste is a big job • Waste is no problem • Waste management creates jobs • Waste is fuel-energy-material • Waste is big money • Waste is wanted by private companies, as long as it has a value

  26. Lessons learned at IMOG (3) • Waste management is an important public service like • Energy production and provision • Drinking water • Waste water treatment • Telecommunications • Public transport

  27. You are welcome !!! • In Flanders • Visit plants, projects,… • Share data on policy and on practical implementation methods • Long-term relationship and help in setting up a local or intermunicipal waste management policy • Contact: Christof Delatter christof.delatter@vvsg.be – www.vvsg.be

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