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Forest Certification in Zambia

Forest Certification in Zambia. Felix C. Njovu Forest Economist. Copperbelt University. Kitwe, Zambia. Location of Zambia. Brief about Zambia. Attained independence - 1964 Land area - 752,612 sq.km. Forest area - 55 to 60% Population (2000) - 10 million 42% urban and 58% rural

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Forest Certification in Zambia

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  1. Forest Certification in Zambia Felix C. Njovu Forest Economist. Copperbelt University. Kitwe, Zambia.

  2. Location of Zambia

  3. Brief about Zambia • Attained independence - 1964 • Land area - 752,612 sq.km. • Forest area - 55 to 60% • Population (2000) - 10 million • 42% urban and 58% rural • Population below 16yrs - 40%

  4. Mission of the forest sector in Zambia “To enhance qualitative and quantitative contribution of the nation’s forest resources to forest sector and national development”

  5. Institutional organization

  6. Land use Area (‘000ha) % Forests and woodlands 46394 61.7 Forest Reserves[1] 7437 (9.9) National parks 6535 (8.7) Other woodland 32603 (43.3) Swamps and grasslands 7400 9.8 Agricultural and municipalities 20526 27.3 Water (rivers, lakes, and dams) 930 1.2 Total area 75250 100.0 Major land uses [1]Forest plantations constitute 0.75% of the forest reserves.

  7. Forest type Percentage of total forest area Closed Forests 8.2 Dry (evergreen & deciduous) 7.7 Swamp and riparian 0.5 Open Forests 87.4 Miombo 58.3 Kalahari 15.8 Mopane 7.2 Munga (acacia) 6.1 Other 4.4 Termitaria etc 4.4 Total 100.0 100.0 Forests in Zambia

  8. Importer Value (US$) Proportion of total FAO (%) Tanzania 7 0.7 Norway 12 1.3 UK 16 1.7 Sudan 19 2.0 Italy 27 2.9 Egypt 32 3.4 Malawi 63 6.7 Congo (DR) 94 10.1 Zimbabwe 300 32.1 USA 662 70.8 Value of exported forest products (2001)

  9. Record of certification

  10. Motivation for seeking certification

  11. Local factors pushing certification • Decline in economic activity. • Political change – shift from socialist to market economy. • Liberalization of the economy to allow for private sector participation.

  12. International factors pushing certification • Environmental awareness (causes of global warming). • The Rio earth summit. • Increase in interest in natural rather than artificial products.

  13. Expectations • Access to export markets • Higher prices for forest products • Increase income for local communities • Better management of forest resources • Higher forest productivity

  14. Situation on the ground • Most forest users (harvesters) have become more aware of need for sustainable management of forest resource. • There is increased interest in certification. • Certified companies have adopted better management schemes. • Uncertified forest users are also working towards sustainable management. • Period has been too short for noticeable ecological benefits.

  15. Challenges and road blocks • Nature of Zambian forest products • Low local value of forest products • Low quality of Zambian forest products • Requirements for certification • Lack of local certifier or agents • Cost of certification and inspections • Land tenure/forest ownership

  16. Effects of certification • Power – No change • Social – Not much change except the restriction of rights of people living around certified areas. • Economic – Enlarged market • Environmental – Better managed forest areas but too soon to notice impact

  17. Futureprospects • The uncertainties about the cost and the expected benefits of certification are slowly being cleared and the interest to actually get certified has risen. It is expected that more certifications will follow soon. This is because:- • The adoption of a forest policy that encourages joint forest management (Corroborative management). • The economic success of the certified companies. • Expected environmental benefits.

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