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Serge Prokofiev ’ s “ Symphony Classique, Opus 25 ” & Xian Xinghai ’ s “ Yellow River Piano Concert ”. Serge Prokofieff. Russian composer, pianist, and conductor Born in 1891 in Sonstavoska and died in 1953
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Serge Prokofiev’s “Symphony Classique, Opus 25”&Xian Xinghai’s“Yellow River Piano Concert”
Serge Prokofieff • Russian composer, pianist, and conductor • Born in 1891 in Sonstavoska and died in 1953 • Some of his best known works are the suite Lieutenant Kijethe ballet Romeo and Juliet • Lived during the Russian Revolution, left the country in 1918 residing in Paris, the United States and Germany • In 1936 he moved back to Russia and was forced due to finances to compose for Stalin
Characteristics • His compositions were innovative • Known for strange new harmonies, dynamic rhythms and lots of humor • He had a full portfolio of compositions by age of 13 when he entered the St. Petersburg Conservatory
St. Petersburg Conservatory • Developed a reputation for being a rebellious composer • He considered school to be boring • Labeled as arrogant • Graduated with poor grades • Shows his natural talent for composition
Symphony No. 1, Opus 25 • Prokofiev’s compositions were often imitations of his favorite composers • Symphony No. 1 in D Major Opus 25 was an imitation of the styles of Haydn and Mozart • One of the first neoclassical compositions, reflects modern compositional practices • Four movements: allegro, larghetto, gavotta, and finale • 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani and strings
Xian Xinghai • Native of Guangdong Province (1905-1945) • Raised by impoverishd single mother, no steady home • First Chinese student to enroll in Paris Music Academy in 1934 • Composed Yellow River Cantata in six days in a cave
Yellow River Cantata • Great historical significance, very nationalistic • Song of inspiration for Chinese people during horrific genocide • The song has become a Chinese symbol of heroism and solidarity
Yellow River Piano Sonata • Adapted from Yellow River Cantata by a group of musicians from the Central Philharmonic Society in 1969 • Composed during anti-Japanese war and Cultural Revlution, bears great historical significance • Chinese folk instruments • Pentatonic scales
His Composition • European influence: use of piano to capture tones and moods • Western choral textures • The Yellow River Cantata was transformed into a composition for an entire Western Orchestra • Utilization of Western instruments
Rhythm: Prokofiev • Begins allegro 100 bpm • 2/2 • Pattern of quarter note followed by six eighth notes • Variety of notations: stacatto, tenuto, slur, accents, leggiero, caesura • Each section has a different tempo
Rhythm: Xian Xinghai • Begins vivace, 152 bpm • Shifts between ¾ and 2/4 throughout • Sixteenth notes and eighth notes • Accents, ties in bass, slurs, grace notes, fermatas, triplets • Each movement has a different tempo from 54 to 160
Similarities • Little to no syncopation, notes land on accented syllables • Fast and slow sections • The tempo changes dramatically with each section • Note values are similar throughout
Differences: Xinghai Prokofiev • Constant time signature throughout • Four Movements: Allegro, Larghetto, Gavotta, Finale • Quick runs are grouped in flurries • Frequent shifts in time signature • Frequent shifts in tempo • Long runs of notes with equal value (8th or 16th) with chromaticism • Quick runs extend for longer periods
Works Cited • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev • http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07082008-094928/unrestricted/dissertation.pdf • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian_Xinghai