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Biodiversity, Agriculture & Ecosystems: Understanding Interconnections for Sustainable Future

Explore the vital relationships between biodiversity, agriculture, and ecosystems and how they impact our planet. This includes the definition of biodiversity, the importance of agrobiodiversity, and the role of biodiversity in agriculture landscapes. Discover how extensification and intensification practices influence biodiversity and ecosystem services in agriculture. Learn about indicators for monitoring biodiversity and the various components of agricultural biodiversity. Dive into agrobiodiversity in crops like sugarcane and cacao, as well as staple crops in PNG. Understand the concept of ecosystem services and its impact on human well-being, addressing both direct and indirect drivers of ecosystem change.

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Biodiversity, Agriculture & Ecosystems: Understanding Interconnections for Sustainable Future

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  1. Biodiversity, Agriculture & Ecosystems • What is Biodiversity • Agrobiodiversity • Biodiversity and Agriculture in the landscape • extensification and intensification • Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services • Agriculture and Ecosystem Services

  2. Reed Noss, "Indicators for Monitoring Biodiversity: A Hierarchial Approach", Conservation Biology 4(4):355-364. 1990. Definitions of Biodiversity CBD Article 2 ‘The variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes of which they are part, including the diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.’

  3. Reed Noss, "Indicators for Monitoring Biodiversity: A Hierarchial Approach", Conservation Biology 4(4):355-364. 1990.

  4. Reed Noss, "Indicators for Monitoring Biodiversity: A Hierarchial Approach", Conservation Biology 4(4):355-364. 1990. Definitions of Agricultural Biodiversity - 1 CBD Decision V/5, appendix ‘a broad term that includes all components of biological diversity of relevance to food and agriculture, and all components of agriculture that constitute the agro-ecosystem: the variety and variability of animals, plants and micro-organisms, at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels which are necessary to sustain the key functions of the agro-ecosystem, its structure and processes.’

  5. Reed Noss, "Indicators for Monitoring Biodiversity: A Hierarchial Approach", Conservation Biology 4(4):355-364. 1990. Definitions of Agricultural Biodiversity – 2 ‘a continuum from cultivated biodiversity to wild biodiversity’ Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA 2005) Cultivated or ‘planned’ biodiversity – crops, livestock, aquaculture fisheries. Associated biodiversity – supports agricultural production through nutrient cycling, soil formation, pest control, pollination, etc. Additional or other biodiversity – also occurs within the agricultural ecosystem. Wild biodiversity outside agricultural ecosystems

  6. Agrobiodiversity and Sugarcane

  7. Agrobiodiversity and Cacao

  8. Agrobiodiversity and staple crops in PNG (potato, taro, yams)

  9. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment:Focus on Ecosystem Services The benefits people obtain from ecosystems

  10. Focus: Consequences of Ecosystem Change for Human Well-being

  11. Human Well-being Indirect Drivers Ecosystem Services Direct Drivers MA Conceptual Framework • Human Well-being and • Poverty Reduction • Basic material for a good life • Health • Good Social Relations • Security • Freedom of choice and action • Indirect Drivers of Change • Demographic • Economic (globalization, trade, market and policy framework) • Sociopolitical (governance and institutional framework) • Science and Technology • Cultural and Religious • Direct Drivers of Change • Changes in land use • Species introduction or removal • Technology adaptation and use • External inputs (e.g., irrigation) • Resource consumption • Climate change • Natural physical and biological drivers (e.g., volcanoes)

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