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Enhancing Public Safety through Legislation and Enforcement

Explore the winning combination of legislation, penalties, and enforcement to prioritize public health risks effectively. Understand factors influencing jurisdiction decisions and the importance of compliance, education, and engineering measures for optimal impact.

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Enhancing Public Safety through Legislation and Enforcement

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  1. Global Status

  2. The winning combination • Legislation: primary enforcement • Penalty for violation • Enforcement: periodic, regular, public several times a year • Public education • Incentives – child restraint loan schemes Adapted from European Transport Safety Council 1996

  3. When does a risk factor become a priority for jurisdiction? • When does a disease or injury become of public health importance that legislation is required? • How many persons need to be affected before preventive action is taken? • In clinical drug trials, we use the term “number needed to treat in order to prevent one adverse event” (NNT) • In public health, perhaps, the minimum number of persons whose death or disability is sufficient reason for cost effective preventive measures

  4. Factors - more emotion than fact! • Size of country • Stage of social and economic development • Safety culture – philosophy, fatalistic view • Political will - • Cost effectiveness - willingness to pay issues

  5. Model for jurisdiction Media campaign - emphasis Legislation Enforcement measures/fines % Compliance Survey Results - deaths/inj. Importance of regulation Announce date of law Enforcement measures / fines Announce date of law Enforcement measures / fines Importance of regulation Education of target groups - public, policy makers, professionals, press, politicians, police, NGOs Enforcement - Ongoing Engineering measures – standards, manufacturers, Compliance with regulation over time Time Pre --- Legislation --- Post No legislation

  6. Effectiveness of interventions • “Passive” more effective than “active” • Product modification > Environment modification > Education

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