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CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM NOTES

Objective: Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, and categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification systems WE WILL : Review Classification and Kingdoms YOU WILL : Complete Warm-Up. CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM NOTES.

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CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM NOTES

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  1. Objective: Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, and categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification systems WE WILL: Review Classification and Kingdoms YOU WILL: Complete Warm-Up

  2. CLASSIFICATION & 6 KINGDOM NOTES Taxonomy-the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics Classification-the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.

  3. Why classify organisms? • To organize the diversity of life • To help us know what we are talking about • Ex. Brown animal – beaver or bison?

  4. In order to work well, a classification system must be established and logical • Furthermore, classification rules must have real biological meaning, so that you can identify an organism in the field • Don’t use: tall, colors, big, small • Do use: greater than 2 meters in height, large eyes compared to head size, tail longer than body

  5. The Swedish biologist Carl von Linne developed the classification system we currently use today. He later changed his name to match his system and is now known as Carolus Linneaus. • His classification system consists of 7 levels; they are: • Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

  6. Classification System • HintLevelsExampleBroadest • King Kingdom Animalia • Phillip Phylum Chordata • Came Class Mammalia • Over Order Carnivora • For Family Canidae • GreenGenus Canus • SoupspeciesfamiliarisMost specific

  7. In this classification system, each organism has a two-part scientific name; this system of naming organisms is called binomial nomenclature • In particular, organisms must have a universally accepted name

  8. We use Latin to name organisms, why? • 1. It is a dead, unchanging language • 2. There is no competition among countries

  9. Every scientific name has 3 parts: 1. The entire name is italicized or underlined 2. The name is made up of the Genus and species names of the organism 3. The first word is capitalized and the second is lowercase. Examples: Homo sapiens, Canus familiaris, Equus caballus

  10. Definitions • A prokaryote (P) does not have a nucleus • A eukaryote (E) does have a nucleus • An autotroph can make its own food • A heterotroph cannot make its own food

  11. Objective: Compare characteristics of taxonomic groups, and categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification systems WE WILL: Review Classification and Kingdoms YOU WILL: Complete Warm-Up Kingdom Activity

  12. THE 6 KINGDOMS

  13. Archaebacteria (P) • Domain: Archaea • Cell type: Prokaryotic • Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall • Unicellular • Ex: Methanogens & Halophiles

  14. Eubacteria (P) • Domain: Bacteria • Cell type: Prokaryotic • Structures: Ribosomes, cell wall • Unicellular • Nutrition: Autotrophic or heterotrophic • Ex: Common bacteria (staph, strep)

  15. Protista (E) • Domain: Eukarya • Cell type: Eukaryotic • Unicellular • Nutrition: • Autotroph or Heterotroph • Ex: Ameba, Euglena, Paramecium

  16. Fungi (E) • Eukaryotic • Nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall of chitin • Heterotroph • Mold, Yeast, Ringworm, Mushrooms

  17. Plantae (E) • Eukaryotic • Multicellular • Autotrophic • Mosses, Ferns, Grass, Trees, Flowering plants

  18. Animalia (E) • Eukaryotic • Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosome • Multicellular • Heterotrophic • Snakes, Worms, Dogs, Sponges, Insects, Humans

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