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Ecosystem Relationships

Ecosystem Relationships. Abiotic. Abiotic Factors: those non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems Soil, water, air, temperature, sunlight. Biotic. Biotic Factors: any living thing that helps shape an ecosystem

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Ecosystem Relationships

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  1. Ecosystem Relationships

  2. Abiotic • Abiotic Factors: those non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems • Soil, water, air, temperature, sunlight

  3. Biotic • Biotic Factors: any living thing that helps shape an ecosystem • 5 kinds of interactions between biotic factors • Competition • Predation • Mutualism • Commensalism • Parasitism

  4. Competition • A contest between organisms for a resource • Examples: • Food • Water • Sunlight • Space • Reproductive mate

  5. Competition • Fitness of one organism is lowered by the presence of another • Interspecific Competition • Competition between members of different species • Intraspecific Competition • Competition between members of the same species

  6. Predation • A biological interaction where one organism preys on another • Beneficial for one organism (the predator) and detrimental for the other (the prey)

  7. Mutualism • Two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other • Symbiosis: a close and often long-term interaction between two or more different biological species

  8. Commensalism • Relationship between two organisms where one benefits without affecting the other • Symbiosis

  9. Parasitism • Relationship between species, where one (the parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (the host) • Symbiosis

  10. Conservation Status • Indicates whether a group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct

  11. Conservation Status • Extinction: the end of a species

  12. Conservation Status • Extirpated: condition of a species that ceases to exist in a certain geographic area • Also called local extinction

  13. Conservation Status • Endangered: a species that is at serious risk of extinction

  14. Conservation Status • Threatened: any species that are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, if current conditions do not change • Special Concern: any species that may become threatened or endangered due to a combination of factors

  15. Invasive Species • Invasive Species: an organism that is not native to a specific location • Also called an introduced species • Often have a tendency to spread, which is believed to cause damage to the environment, human economy and/or human health • Asian long-horned beetle • Pest! • Cause death of elm, maple, poplar, and willow trees

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