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Development of the Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure in the Russian Federation E. Kudryavtsev, A. Khaperskaya Rosat

Development of the Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure in the Russian Federation E. Kudryavtsev, A. Khaperskaya Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation V. Smirnov, R&D Company “Sosny” . IAEA International Conference on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors

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Development of the Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure in the Russian Federation E. Kudryavtsev, A. Khaperskaya Rosat

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  1. Development of the Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure in the Russian Federation E. Kudryavtsev, A. Khaperskaya Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation V. Smirnov,R&D Company “Sosny” IAEA International Conference on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors 31 May to 4 June 2010, Vienna, Austria

  2. Rosatom Major Tasks and Schedule for the SF and RW Management Start-up of Industrial Reprocessing Plant (RT-2) and Final Geologic Disposal Facility 2035 Major Nuclear Legacy Problems are solved Stage3 2025 Creation of the most important Nuclear Infrastructure Facilities Stage2 Start-up of Market-oriented RadWaste&SFmanagement System 2015 Establishment of Legislative and Financial Basis for the Corporate Rad&Nuclear Safety Assurance System 2010 Stage 1

  3. Nuclear Renaissance in Russia • Nuclear Power Development Program, approved by the Russian President on June 8, 2006 • Federal Law of 1 December 2007 N 317-ФЗ «On the State Atomic Energy Corporation «Rosatom» • Program of the «Rosatom» Corporation Activity, started from 2009 (new NPP construction) • Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear and Radiological Safety Assurance for year 2008 and until 2015” with total budget of 145,4 Bn rubles (including 131,2 Bn from Federal budget) • Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear Technologies of the new Generation for 2010-2015 and for 2020 perspective“ with total budget of 128 Bn rubles (including 110,4 Bn rubles from Federal budget) 3

  4. Key figures of Rosatom Spent Fuel Discharge Annual Spent Fuel Discharge from Russian Power Reactors is ~650 mt • 15% of that amount (VVER-440, BN-600 fuels) is currently reprocessed at RT-1 plant • 30% (VVER-1000 fuel) is shipped for centralized wet storage at MCC site near Krasnoyarsk, with plans for reprocessing • 55% (RBMK-1000 fuel) is currently placed in wet AFR storages with plans for further shipment for dry storage at MCC site near Krasnoyarsk 4

  5. Accumulated Spent Fuel in Russian Federation - decomposition Total amount of accumulated fuel is 19 000 mt VVER-1000 RBMK-1000 • VVER and RBMK fuels are at store in NPP and centralized storage facilities • AMB and RR fuels heed special technical decisions • According to Federal Lawall accumulated SF is property of Russian Federation RR and other fuels AMB fuel

  6. Spent Fuel Management Concept of the “ROSATOM”State Corporation Basic Principles of the Concept–2008: • Reprocessing of the Used Nuclear Fuel for ecologically acceptable Waste Management and Disposal, Recycling of the Recovered Nuclear Materials • High priority for Nuclear Safety and for the Nuclear Materials Security during all the management stages, aiming to avoid undue burdens on future generations • Strategic Directions for the Future Activity: • Development of the safe and reliable long-term storage system, • Further development of reprocessing technologies, • Balanced utilization of the reprocessed nuclear materials, • Conditioning and final disposal of the radioactive wastes from reprocessing activity

  7. Development of Legislative Basis for the RW and SNF management system

  8. Major points of the Draft Lowfor “Management of Radioactive Wastes” • Priority for safe final disposal of radioactive wastes • Realistic system for radioactive wastes classification • Direct connection of radwaste ownership and responsibility • Establishment of Limits for Radwaste storage period and Criteria for Waste package acceptability for the final disposal • Establishment of National Operator for the final disposal activities • Granted financial basis for “full cycle” waste management activities Draft of the Law is under consideration of the State Duma 8

  9. Final RadWaste Disposal Sites in Russia Near or SubSurface Disposal Facility for LILW “MAYAK” PA HLW at MCC Near Surface Disposal Facility for LILW 9

  10. Development of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management System in Russia

  11. Key Directions for Development of the Russian Nuclear Fuel Management System • Drafting of the State Law “On Spent Nuclear Fuel Management” • InfrastructureDevelopment Projects(Wet and Dry Storages, including Cask Storage Systems) • Technological options for the specific SF types (AMB, Submarine fuels, damaged and non conventional fuels) • Research and Demo Center for Research and Development of Advanced Reprocessing technology at MCC (Krasnoyarsk) • Final Disposal Technology for the Wastes from Reprocessing activity • MOX Fuel Technology Development

  12. Spent Nuclear Fuel Management Fund State Budget SF Management Fund Accumulated Problems in SF management Newly generated Nuclear Fuel Market-oriented Structures (NPP) Federal Program • Financial basis and model for the UNF management shall take into account : • Full cycle for the SF management • Segregation of State and Market Structures Liabilities • Financial System (Centralized SF Management Fund) • Full Cycle Infrastructure 12

  13. Flowchart for the Russian SF Management System Facilities RT-2 Plant Dry Store Final Geologic Disposal LL&HLW RRs, NSubs VVER-440, BN-600 Wet Storage RT-1 Plant HLW Store NFA Dismantling AMB -100, 200 PAMAYAK VVER-1000 Central Wet Store RDC VVER-1200 Dry Store RBMK-1000 FA Dismantling MOX-Fuel FF MCC Pufrom Store 13

  14. Major projects for SNF Management at MCC Site

  15. Center for SF Management at Mining Chemical Combine (MCC) site • Construction of the Dry Store for the VVER and RBMK fuels is the KeyRosatom’sInfrastructure Project • Capacity of the I-st Stage is 8100mt of RBMK fuel • Cold Start-up in planned for the end of 2010 • Enlargement of Wet Store (ХОТ-1)with gradual increase of capacity to 8600 mt 15 15

  16. Final Disposal of HLW near MCC Site Nijnekanskiy Massif – the place chosen for the final disposal of vitrified HLW and long-lived wastes at 500 m depth in granites I-st Stage – construction of Underground Lab. Declaration of intent already submitted to regional authorities. 16 20

  17. Pu utilization at MCC site • In the frame of Federal Targeted Program “Nuclear Technologies of the new Generation for 2010-2015 and for 2020 perspective“ the U-Pu fuel fabrication facilities are under development for: • Securing of U-Pu fuel for BN-800 Fast Reactor (under construction) and BN-600 (Hybrid Core) at Beloyarskaya NPP by - Fabrication of the Granulated Fuel Composition at MCC (Krasnoyarsk) - Fabrication of the Fuel rods and Fuel Assemblies at NIIAR (Dimitrovgrad) • Fulfillment of US-Russia Intergovernmental Agreement on Ex-Weapon Pu Disposition

  18. Mining Chemical Combine – Centre for the Closure of Nuclear Fuel Cycle The Centre will include: - SNF storage and reprocessing - MOX fabrication - Waste final disposal RT-2 MOX-Fuel SNF RT-2 HLW Demo Reprocessing Centre Underground Lab U-Pu granulated Fuel Fabrication 18

  19. Reprocessing of Nuclear Legacy Fuel

  20. AMB Legacy Fuels Management Total amount 300 mt of U in Mg (Ca) alloyed fuel composition Fuel Assembly is 14 m long Tasks to be solved Installation of the Safe Dismantling Complex for the AMB Fuel Assemblies at Beloyarskaya NPP Transport of the Fuel pins to PA Mayak site for reprocessing Adaptation of the RT-1 Reprocessing Technology for AMB fuel composition including Vitrification Technology for the AMB Wastes 20 20

  21. Research Reactors Fuel Return Program 2006 2007 Uzbek 1 Tchekh 1 2008 2009 2010 2011 Bulgaria 1 Kazakhstan3 Poland 4 Germany 1 US-Russian Program for the Return of Research Reactors Fuel – Prevention of HEU Proliferation Libia 1 Hungary 1 Germany 2 Serbia 1 Poland1 Latvia 1 Ukraine 1 Kazakhstan1 Romania 1 N of shipments / year 4 6 7 2

  22. Conclusions 22

  23. Tasks for mid-term implementation • Securing and further development of an adequate Spent Fuel Management Infrastructure is a top priority task for Rosatom to facilitate ambitious Nuclear Power Development Program in Russia. • Construction of Dry Storage, R&Demo Reprocessing and Waste disposal Facilities at Mining Chemical Combine site are the “Starting” Projects which lead a way to a large scale SF management Complex in the Russian Federation. • Deployment of these facilities will increase export potential for Russian nuclear technologies including back-end fuel cycle services.

  24. Thank you for your attention

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