1 / 79

Chapter V Vitamine

Chapter V Vitamine. 一、 the concept of Vitamine Small organic molecules essensial components for human growth and function. vitamine. water -soluble. fat-soluble. Vit C. Vit B. A,D,E,K.

raphael
Download Presentation

Chapter V Vitamine

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter V Vitamine 一、the concept of Vitamine Small organic molecules essensial components for human growth and function

  2. vitamine water -soluble fat-soluble Vit C Vit B A,D,E,K B1, B2, B6, B12, PP, patothenic acid，folic acid,,biotin ,lipoic acid 13 types nesessary for human being

  3. Part 1        fat-soluble vitamines Common characteristics： 1、异戊二烯或异戊烯侧链 2、随脂类共同吸收 3、可在体内大量储存，易产生 中毒 4、个别可由体内合成 一、vitamine A 1、nature form A1 retinol A2 3-dehydroretinol

  4. 2、chemical structure 20-carbon alcohols formed of isoprene units

  5. 3、occur fish liver, plant (β-carotenoids, β- carotene)

  6. 4、transform NADP NADPH Retinol retinal retinoic acid 5、active form

  7. 6、physiological function ① 视觉细胞的感光成分----11-cis-retinal 暗视觉---rod cells， rhodopsin (11-cis-retinal+opsin) visible light—圆椎细胞、视红质、 视蓝质、视青质 visual cycle

  8. ② retinoic acid has hormone function retinoic acid receptor RAR 视黄酸与受体蛋白结合能激活特异基因的转 录表达，从而对这些细胞的分化成熟起重要 作用。 ③other function。 Synthesis of glycoprotein and the stimulation of cell differentiatioon antioxidant 7、deficiency：night blindness,、dry eyes

  9. 二、vitamine D 1、nature forms D2 ergocalciferol D3 cholecalciferol 2、 chemical structure a group of sterol compounds

  10. 3、occur Liver (fish liver) 、milk、egg 、

  11. 4、transform 7-dehydrocholesterol (in skin) （an inactive precursor of vitamine D) sun light D3 麦角固醇 （plant、yeast ） sunlight D2 5、active form 1，25-（OH）2-D3

  12. OH OH

  13. 6、physiological function regulation of Ca 2+,phosphate, metabolism (small intestine,bone,kidney) 7、 deficiency defective bone formation rickets osteomalacia

  14. 三、vitamine E（tocopherol） 1、nature forms：7 species 2、chemical structure α- tocopherol（5， 7，8 -CH3） is most important

  15. 3、occur：vegetable oil、beans 4、physiological function： antioxidant ROO·  RH  ROOH  R· （过氧化自由基） （多不饱和脂肪酸）（有机过氧化物 ）（有机自由基） R·  O2 ROO· 在有维生素E(Vit E-OH)存在时，它与有机过氧化自由基的反应为 ROO·+Vit E-OHROOHVit E-O· 维生素E是一种断链抗氧化剂(chain-breaking antioxidant)

  16. 四、vitamine K 1、nature form：K1，K2， K3（artificial synthesis） 2、chemical structure

  17. 3、occur： K1 green vegetables、 K2 synthesis by bacteria in intestine

  18. 4、 physiological function： A、cofactor of the carboxylase 促进凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、 Ⅹ中的Glu进行γ-位的羧 化转变为有凝血活性的凝 血因子 B 、参与骨、牙等组织中与钙 相关的蛋白质中Glu残基 的羧化 5、 deficiency ：hemorrhagic disease

  19. 总结 D A E K 化学结构 20碳含B白芷酮环的多烯烃一元醇 类固醇衍生物 异戊烯侧链 奈醌化合物 苯并二氢砒喃衍生物 活性形式 视黄醛， 3-脱氢视黄醛，视黄酸 1，25-OH)2 -D3 生理作用 视觉细胞的感光成分上皮细胞正常生长， 抗肿瘤，抗氧化 调节钙磷代谢 促生育抗氧化防衰老 r-羧化酶的辅酶

  20. Part Ⅱ water-soluble vitamine Common characteristics： 1、不能储存 2、易吸收，易排泄、不易 中毒 3、少数可自行合成 一、vitamine B1 1、name：thiamine

  21. 2、chemical structure & functional group

  22. 3、active form (cofactor form) thiamine pyrophosphate,TPP

  23. 4 、physiological function cofactor of an oxidative decarxylation of α–keto acids cofactor of transketolase reactions(pentose phosphate pathway 5、 deficiency： beriberi

  24. 二、vitamine B2 1、name: riboflavin 2、chemical structure & functional group

  25. 3、active form flavin adenine dinucleotide,FAD flavin mononuleotide,FMN

  26. FAD的文字结构式： 6、7二甲基异咯嗪 腺嘌呤 核醇 核糖 磷酸 磷酸

  27. FMN的文字结构式： 6、7二甲基异咯嗪 核醇 磷酸

  28. 4、physiological function prosthetic group of oxidoreductase enzyme 5、 deficiency：cheilosis、glossitis,seborrhea

  29. 三、 vitamine B3 1、name：nicotin acid, nicotinamide Vitamine PP 2、chemical structure & functional group monocarboxylicc acid derivative of pyridine

  30. 3、active form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate（NADP+）

  31. NAD+与NADP+的文字结构式 尼克酰胺 腺嘌呤 核糖 核糖-（磷酸） 磷酸 磷酸

  32. 4、 physiological function coenzymes of many of oxidoreductase enzymes

  33. 5、 deficiency ：pellagra

  34. 四、vitamine B6 1、name: pyridoxal pyridoxine pyridoxamine 2、chemical structure & functional group pyridine derivatives

  35. 3、active form：pyridoxal phosphate 4、 physiological function coenzymes of several enzymes of Amino acid metabolism

  36. 5、 deficiency：rare 五、vitamine B5 1、name： pantothenic acid 2、 chemical structure β-丙氨酸与α、γ二羟β、β二 甲基丁酸缩和而成

  37. 3、active form CoA

  38. 4、 physiological function CoA，ACP， thiol group acts as a carrier of acyl radicals

  39. 5、 deficiency：rare

  40. 六、biotin 1、chemical structure & functional group

More Related