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Unifying the Geometry of General Relativity with the Virtual Particle Nature of Quantum Electrodynamics

Unifying the Geometry of General Relativity with the Virtual Particle Nature of Quantum Electrodynamics. John R. Laubenstein IWPD Research Center Naperville, Illinois Tel: 630-428-9842 Email: jrlaubenstein@iwpd.org www.iwpd.org. American Physical Society 2007 March Meeting

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Unifying the Geometry of General Relativity with the Virtual Particle Nature of Quantum Electrodynamics

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  1. Unifying the Geometry of General Relativity with the Virtual Particle Nature of Quantum Electrodynamics John R. Laubenstein IWPD Research Center Naperville, Illinois Tel: 630-428-9842 Email: jrlaubenstein@iwpd.org www.iwpd.org American Physical Society 2007 March Meeting Denver, Colorado

  2. We pose the question: What if the universe is not best described by points – but, rather as two-dimensional rings that have been expanding since the origin of space and time?

  3. This results in no conceptual change to Spacetime, but rather simply a change in the way we describe Spacetime.

  4. The basic concept of String Theory is • projected beyond the Planck Scale to the • Macro-World • One spatial dimension is expressed • through two-dimensional rings (or rods) • and not as points • Time is measured through the expansion • of these rings (or rods).

  5. This ring has been dubbed as the “Energime” The properties of the energime are manifested in one of three fundamental quantum values:

  6. The Equivalence of Time and a Spatial Dimension through 2D “Rods” or “Rings” (a) (b) (c) (a) Light cone with dashed lines showing passage of time (b) Cylinder defined by two-dimensions of space and “time-lines” (c) Geometric conversion of the surface area of a cylinder to a sphere depicting a 2-dimensional space defined by points (blue) and a third dimension manifested as rings and representing both the evolution of a spatial dimension and the passage of time

  7. Two-Dimensional Surface with Rods Defining both a Spatial Dimension and Time

  8. Each Rod Defines a Space on the 2D Space Grid

  9. Rotating the 2D Surface

  10. Two-Dimensional Space Grid (2DSG) with rods extended outward from the planar surface defining both the 3rd spatial dimension along with the passage of time

  11. Energime Field Associated with Massive Object

  12. Distortion of Flat Space due to Massive Object

  13. Changing energime field Massive Object Distortion of Flat Space due to Massive Object

  14. Gravitational Force • Determined by a change in scale (gauge) between the Background Energime Field (BEF) and a Local Energime Field (LEF).

  15. This change in scale can be equivalently viewed as: • The “warping” of space and spacetime • The transfer (emission and absorption) • of a quantum particle (energime)

  16. The “warping” of space and spacetime LEF BEF Velocity

  17. Quantitatively: From Infinity BEF = Unity (by definition) LEF BEF Velocity

  18. Quantitatively: Between any Two Points

  19. Quantitatively: The Velocity of an Object in a Gravitational Free Fall

  20. The Velocity Equation is based on the Geometry of Space and Spacetime LEF BEF Velocity

  21. The transfer (emission and absorption) of a quantum particle (energime) Space and Spacetime remain flat LEF BEF Energy and Momentum

  22. Quantitative: The Addition of Energy (Mass) from a Gravitating Object BEF Energy = Unity LEF BEF Energy (mass) and Momentum

  23. Quantitative: The LEF Momentum Due to a Gravitating Object BEF Momentum = 0 LEF BEF Energy (mass) and Momentum

  24. The Emission and Absorption of a Force-Transmitting Particle The energy gain and momentum of a free falling mass is determined exactly by the LEF Energy and LEF Momentum absorbed from the field resulting in the velocity of an object in flat space and spacetime LEF BEF Energy (mass) and Momentum

  25. Geometry Particle LEF BEFVelocity Velocity due to the absorption of Energy and Momentum from the Field LEF BEF

  26. Gravity and Electrostatic Force • Gravity is due to the propagation of a real • particle (energime) and is always attractive • Electrostatic Force is propagated through a • “virtual” particle that emits and absorbs • energy and momentum creating both an • attractive and repulsive force

  27. Electrostatic Force • The only other allowable force mitigating particle with an infinite reach has a mass of

  28. K represents a proportionality constant for the given force field and is equal to: Gravitational Force Electrostatic Force

  29. Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) • Force is propagated through the exchange of • virtual photons • The path of these photons can be any one of • an infinite number of paths

  30. Cosmological Accomplishments of • Energime Theory • 14.2 Billion Years:predicted age of the universe • Dark Energy: provides a physical explanation • through the emission of free • energimes that expand vacuum • Accelerated Rate of Expansion: free energime • emission predicts an acceleration • rate in agreement with observation

  31. Final Thought Is it possible that the universe is not best described by points – but, rather with ever expanding energime rings that change the way we describe Spacetime? John R. Laubenstein IWPD Research Center Naperville, Illinois Tel: 630-428-9842 Email: jrlaubenstein@iwpd.org www.iwpd.org American Physical Society 2007 March Meeting Denver, Colorado

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